khumula

Swazi

Verb

-khúmúla

to undress, to change clothes

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

Derived from the ideophone khumu.

Verb

-khumúla

(transitive) to take off (clothes)
(transitive) to extract, to draw out, to take out
(transitive) to loosen, to unfix, to unloose, to untie
(transitive) to outspan, to unharness

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukukhumula
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukukhumula	ukungakhumuli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	khumula	-khumule
Plural	khumulani	-khumuleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakhumula, ngikhumula	engikhumulayo, engikhumula	ngikhumula	angikhumuli	engingakhumuli	ngingakhumuli
2nd singular	uyakhumula, ukhumula	okhumulayo, okhumula	ukhumula	awukhumuli	ongakhumuli	ungakhumuli
1st plural	siyakhumula, sikhumula	esikhumulayo, esikhumula	sikhumula	asikhumuli	esingakhumuli	singakhumuli
2nd plural	niyakhumula, nikhumula	enikhumulayo, enikhumula	nikhumula	anikhumuli	eningakhumuli	ningakhumuli
Class 1	uyakhumula, ukhumula	okhumulayo, okhumula	ekhumula	akakhumuli	ongakhumuli	engakhumuli
Class 2	bayakhumula, bakhumula	abakhumulayo, abakhumula	bekhumula	abakhumuli	abangakhumuli	bengakhumuli
Class 3	uyakhumula, ukhumula	okhumulayo, okhumula	ukhumula	awukhumuli	ongakhumuli	ungakhumuli
Class 4	iyakhumula, ikhumula	ekhumulayo, ekhumula	ikhumula	ayikhumuli	engakhumuli	ingakhumuli
Class 5	liyakhumula, likhumula	elikhumulayo, elikhumula	likhumula	alikhumuli	elingakhumuli	lingakhumuli
Class 6	ayakhumula, akhumula	akhumulayo, akhumula	ekhumula	awakhumuli	angakhumuli	engakhumuli
Class 7	siyakhumula, sikhumula	esikhumulayo, esikhumula	sikhumula	asikhumuli	esingakhumuli	singakhumuli
Class 8	ziyakhumula, zikhumula	ezikhumulayo, ezikhumula	zikhumula	azikhumuli	ezingakhumuli	zingakhumuli
Class 9	iyakhumula, ikhumula	ekhumulayo, ekhumula	ikhumula	ayikhumuli	engakhumuli	ingakhumuli
Class 10	ziyakhumula, zikhumula	ezikhumulayo, ezikhumula	zikhumula	azikhumuli	ezingakhumuli	zingakhumuli
Class 11	luyakhumula, lukhumula	olukhumulayo, olukhumula	lukhumula	alukhumuli	olungakhumuli	lungakhumuli
Class 14	buyakhumula, bukhumula	obukhumulayo, obukhumula	bukhumula	abukhumuli	obungakhumuli	bungakhumuli
Class 15	kuyakhumula, kukhumula	okukhumulayo, okukhumula	kukhumula	akukhumuli	okungakhumuli	kungakhumuli
Class 17	kuyakhumula, kukhumula	okukhumulayo, okukhumula	kukhumula	akukhumuli	okungakhumuli	kungakhumuli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngikhumulile, ngikhumulē	engikhumulile, engikhumulē	ngikhumulile, ngikhumulē	angikhumulanga	engingakhumulanga	ngingakhumulanga
2nd singular	ukhumulile, ukhumulē	okhumulile, okhumulē	ukhumulile, ukhumulē	awukhumulanga	ongakhumulanga	ungakhumulanga
1st plural	sikhumulile, sikhumulē	esikhumulile, esikhumulē	sikhumulile, sikhumulē	asikhumulanga	esingakhumulanga	singakhumulanga
2nd plural	nikhumulile, nikhumulē	enikhumulile, enikhumulē	nikhumulile, nikhumulē	anikhumulanga	eningakhumulanga	ningakhumulanga
Class 1	ukhumulile, ukhumulē	okhumulile, okhumulē	ekhumulile, ekhumulē	akakhumulanga	ongakhumulanga	engakhumulanga
Class 2	bakhumulile, bakhumulē	abakhumulile, abakhumulē	bekhumulile, bekhumulē	abakhumulanga	abangakhumulanga	bengakhumulanga
Class 3	ukhumulile, ukhumulē	okhumulile, okhumulē	ukhumulile, ukhumulē	awukhumulanga	ongakhumulanga	ungakhumulanga
Class 4	ikhumulile, ikhumulē	ekhumulile, ekhumulē	ikhumulile, ikhumulē	ayikhumulanga	engakhumulanga	ingakhumulanga
Class 5	likhumulile, likhumulē	elikhumulile, elikhumulē	likhumulile, likhumulē	alikhumulanga	elingakhumulanga	lingakhumulanga
Class 6	akhumulile, akhumulē	akhumulile, akhumulē	ekhumulile, ekhumulē	awakhumulanga	angakhumulanga	engakhumulanga
Class 7	sikhumulile, sikhumulē	esikhumulile, esikhumulē	sikhumulile, sikhumulē	asikhumulanga	esingakhumulanga	singakhumulanga
Class 8	zikhumulile, zikhumulē	ezikhumulile, ezikhumulē	zikhumulile, zikhumulē	azikhumulanga	ezingakhumulanga	zingakhumulanga
Class 9	ikhumulile, ikhumulē	ekhumulile, ekhumulē	ikhumulile, ikhumulē	ayikhumulanga	engakhumulanga	ingakhumulanga
Class 10	zikhumulile, zikhumulē	ezikhumulile, ezikhumulē	zikhumulile, zikhumulē	azikhumulanga	ezingakhumulanga	zingakhumulanga
Class 11	lukhumulile, lukhumulē	olukhumulile, olukhumulē	lukhumulile, lukhumulē	alukhumulanga	olungakhumulanga	lungakhumulanga
Class 14	bukhumulile, bukhumulē	obukhumulile, obukhumulē	bukhumulile, bukhumulē	abukhumulanga	obungakhumulanga	bungakhumulanga
Class 15	kukhumulile, kukhumulē	okukhumulile, okukhumulē	kukhumulile, kukhumulē	akukhumulanga	okungakhumulanga	kungakhumulanga
Class 17	kukhumulile, kukhumulē	okukhumulile, okukhumulē	kukhumulile, kukhumulē	akukhumulanga	okungakhumulanga	kungakhumulanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngākhumula	engākhumula	ngākhumula	angikhumulanga	engingakhumulanga	ngingakhumulanga
2nd singular	wākhumula	owākhumula	wākhumula	awukhumulanga	ongakhumulanga	ungakhumulanga
1st plural	sākhumula	esākhumula	sākhumula	asikhumulanga	esingakhumulanga	singakhumulanga
2nd plural	nākhumula	enākhumula	nākhumula	anikhumulanga	eningakhumulanga	ningakhumulanga
Class 1	wākhumula	owākhumula	ākhumula	akakhumulanga	ongakhumulanga	engakhumulanga
Class 2	bākhumula	abākhumula	bākhumula	abakhumulanga	abangakhumulanga	bengakhumulanga
Class 3	wākhumula	owākhumula	wākhumula	awukhumulanga	ongakhumulanga	ungakhumulanga
Class 4	yākhumula	eyākhumula	yākhumula	ayikhumulanga	engakhumulanga	ingakhumulanga
Class 5	lākhumula	elākhumula	lākhumula	alikhumulanga	elingakhumulanga	lingakhumulanga
Class 6	ākhumula	ākhumula	ākhumula	awakhumulanga	angakhumulanga	engakhumulanga
Class 7	sākhumula	esākhumula	sākhumula	asikhumulanga	esingakhumulanga	singakhumulanga
Class 8	zākhumula	ezākhumula	zākhumula	azikhumulanga	ezingakhumulanga	zingakhumulanga
Class 9	yākhumula	eyākhumula	yākhumula	ayikhumulanga	engakhumulanga	ingakhumulanga
Class 10	zākhumula	ezākhumula	zākhumula	azikhumulanga	ezingakhumulanga	zingakhumulanga
Class 11	lwākhumula	olwākhumula	lwākhumula	alukhumulanga	olungakhumulanga	lungakhumulanga
Class 14	bākhumula	obākhumula	bākhumula	abukhumulanga	obungakhumulanga	bungakhumulanga
Class 15	kwākhumula	okwākhumula	kwākhumula	akukhumulanga	okungakhumulanga	kungakhumulanga
Class 17	kwākhumula	okwākhumula	kwākhumula	akukhumulanga	okungakhumulanga	kungakhumulanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingakhumula	—	ngingakhumula	ngingekhumule	—	ngingekhumule
2nd singular	ungakhumula	—	ungakhumula	ungekhumule	—	ungekhumule
1st plural	singakhumula	—	singakhumula	singekhumule	—	singekhumule
2nd plural	ningakhumula	—	ningakhumula	ningekhumule	—	ningekhumule
Class 1	angakhumula	—	engakhumula	angekhumule	—	engekhumule
Class 2	bangakhumula	—	bengakhumula	bangekhumule	—	bengekhumule
Class 3	ungakhumula	—	ungakhumula	ungekhumule	—	ungekhumule
Class 4	ingakhumula	—	ingakhumula	ingekhumule	—	ingekhumule
Class 5	lingakhumula	—	lingakhumula	lingekhumule	—	lingekhumule
Class 6	angakhumula	—	engakhumula	angekhumule	—	engekhumule
Class 7	singakhumula	—	singakhumula	singekhumule	—	singekhumule
Class 8	zingakhumula	—	zingakhumula	zingekhumule	—	zingekhumule
Class 9	ingakhumula	—	ingakhumula	ingekhumule	—	ingekhumule
Class 10	zingakhumula	—	zingakhumula	zingekhumule	—	zingekhumule
Class 11	lungakhumula	—	lungakhumula	lungekhumule	—	lungekhumule
Class 14	bungakhumula	—	bungakhumula	bungekhumule	—	bungekhumule
Class 15	kungakhumula	—	kungakhumula	kungekhumule	—	kungekhumule
Class 17	kungakhumula	—	kungakhumula	kungekhumule	—	kungekhumule
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokhumula	engizokhumula	ngizokhumula	angizukhumula	engingezukhumula	ngingezukhumula
2nd singular	uzokhumula	ozokhumula	uzokhumula	awuzukhumula	ongezukhumula	ungezukhumula
1st plural	sizokhumula	esizokhumula	sizokhumula	asizukhumula	esingezukhumula	singezukhumula
2nd plural	nizokhumula	enizokhumula	nizokhumula	anizukhumula	eningezukhumula	ningezukhumula
Class 1	uzokhumula	ozokhumula	ezokhumula	akazukhumula	ongezukhumula	engezukhumula
Class 2	bazokhumula	abazokhumula	bezokhumula	abazukhumula	abangezukhumula	bengezukhumula
Class 3	uzokhumula	ozokhumula	uzokhumula	awuzukhumula	ongezukhumula	ungezukhumula
Class 4	izokhumula	ezokhumula	izokhumula	ayizukhumula	engezukhumula	ingezukhumula
Class 5	lizokhumula	elizokhumula	lizokhumula	alizukhumula	elingezukhumula	lingezukhumula
Class 6	azokhumula	azokhumula	ezokhumula	awazukhumula	angezukhumula	engezukhumula
Class 7	sizokhumula	esizokhumula	sizokhumula	asizukhumula	esingezukhumula	singezukhumula
Class 8	zizokhumula	ezizokhumula	zizokhumula	azizukhumula	ezingezukhumula	zingezukhumula
Class 9	izokhumula	ezokhumula	izokhumula	ayizukhumula	engezukhumula	ingezukhumula
Class 10	zizokhumula	ezizokhumula	zizokhumula	azizukhumula	ezingezukhumula	zingezukhumula
Class 11	luzokhumula	oluzokhumula	luzokhumula	aluzukhumula	olungezukhumula	lungezukhumula
Class 14	buzokhumula	obuzokhumula	buzokhumula	abuzukhumula	obungezukhumula	bungezukhumula
Class 15	kuzokhumula	okuzokhumula	kuzokhumula	akuzukhumula	okungezukhumula	kungezukhumula
Class 17	kuzokhumula	okuzokhumula	kuzokhumula	akuzukhumula	okungezukhumula	kungezukhumula
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokhumula	engiyokhumula	ngiyokhumula	angiyukhumula	engingeyukhumula	ngingeyukhumula
2nd singular	uyokhumula	oyokhumula	uyokhumula	awuyukhumula	ongeyukhumula	ungeyukhumula
1st plural	siyokhumula	esiyokhumula	siyokhumula	asiyukhumula	esingeyukhumula	singeyukhumula
2nd plural	niyokhumula	eniyokhumula	niyokhumula	aniyukhumula	eningeyukhumula	ningeyukhumula
Class 1	uyokhumula	oyokhumula	eyokhumula	akayukhumula	ongeyukhumula	engeyukhumula
Class 2	bayokhumula	abayokhumula	beyokhumula	abayukhumula	abangeyukhumula	bengeyukhumula
Class 3	uyokhumula	oyokhumula	uyokhumula	awuyukhumula	ongeyukhumula	ungeyukhumula
Class 4	iyokhumula	eyokhumula	iyokhumula	ayiyukhumula	engeyukhumula	ingeyukhumula
Class 5	liyokhumula	eliyokhumula	liyokhumula	aliyukhumula	elingeyukhumula	lingeyukhumula
Class 6	ayokhumula	ayokhumula	eyokhumula	awayukhumula	angeyukhumula	engeyukhumula
Class 7	siyokhumula	esiyokhumula	siyokhumula	asiyukhumula	esingeyukhumula	singeyukhumula
Class 8	ziyokhumula	eziyokhumula	ziyokhumula	aziyukhumula	ezingeyukhumula	zingeyukhumula
Class 9	iyokhumula	eyokhumula	iyokhumula	ayiyukhumula	engeyukhumula	ingeyukhumula
Class 10	ziyokhumula	eziyokhumula	ziyokhumula	aziyukhumula	ezingeyukhumula	zingeyukhumula
Class 11	luyokhumula	oluyokhumula	luyokhumula	aluyukhumula	olungeyukhumula	lungeyukhumula
Class 14	buyokhumula	obuyokhumula	buyokhumula	abuyukhumula	obungeyukhumula	bungeyukhumula
Class 15	kuyokhumula	okuyokhumula	kuyokhumula	akuyukhumula	okungeyukhumula	kungeyukhumula
Class 17	kuyokhumula	okuyokhumula	kuyokhumula	akuyukhumula	okungeyukhumula	kungeyukhumula
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngikhumule	ngingakhumuli
2nd singular	ukhumule	ungakhumuli
1st plural	sikhumule	singakhumuli
2nd plural	nikhumule	ningakhumuli
Class 1	akhumule	angakhumuli
Class 2	bakhumule	bangakhumuli
Class 3	ukhumule	ungakhumuli
Class 4	ikhumule	ingakhumuli
Class 5	likhumule	lingakhumuli
Class 6	akhumule	angakhumuli
Class 7	sikhumule	singakhumuli
Class 8	zikhumule	zingakhumuli
Class 9	ikhumule	ingakhumuli
Class 10	zikhumule	zingakhumuli
Class 11	lukhumule	lungakhumuli
Class 14	bukhumule	bungakhumuli
Class 15	kukhumule	kungakhumuli
Class 17	kukhumule	kungakhumuli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhumula	ngangakhumula, angakhumula, angangakhumula
2nd singular	wakhumula	wangakhumula, awakhumula, awangakhumula
1st plural	sakhumula	sangakhumula, asakhumula, asangakhumula
2nd plural	nakhumula	nangakhumula, anakhumula, anangakhumula
Class 1	wakhumula	wangakhumula, akakhumula, akangakhumula
Class 2	bakhumula	bangakhumula, abakhumula, abangakhumula
Class 3	wakhumula	wangakhumula, awakhumula, awangakhumula
Class 4	yakhumula	yangakhumula, ayakhumula, ayangakhumula
Class 5	lakhumula	langakhumula, alakhumula, alangakhumula
Class 6	akhumula	angakhumula, awakhumula, awangakhumula
Class 7	sakhumula	sangakhumula, asakhumula, asangakhumula
Class 8	zakhumula	zangakhumula, azakhumula, azangakhumula
Class 9	yakhumula	yangakhumula, ayakhumula, ayangakhumula
Class 10	zakhumula	zangakhumula, azakhumula, azangakhumula
Class 11	lwakhumula	lwangakhumula, alwakhumula, alwangakhumula
Class 14	bakhumula	bangakhumula, abakhumula, abangakhumula
Class 15	kwakhumula	kwangakhumula, akwakhumula, akwangakhumula
Class 17	kwakhumula	kwangakhumula, akwakhumula, akwangakhumula

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khumula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khumula (3.2.9)”

Anagrams

khuluma