mugurkauls

Latvian

Mugurkauls

Etymology

From mugura (“back”) +‎ kauls (“bone”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

mugurkauls m (1st declension)

1. (anatomy) spine, backbone

   mugurkaula skriemeļi, artērijas ― spine vertebrae, arteries

   mugurkaula deformācija ― spine deformation

   mugurkaula izliekumi ― curvature of the spine

   lokans mugurkauls ― flexible backbone

   lauzt mugurkaulu ― to break one's spine

2. (strong) character, nature

   vīrs ar stringru mugurkaulu ― a man with a strong spine (= character)

Declension

Declension of mugurkauls (1st declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	mugurkauls	mugurkauli
accusative (akuzatīvs)	mugurkaulu	mugurkaulus
genitive (ģenitīvs)	mugurkaula	mugurkaulu
dative (datīvs)	mugurkaulam	mugurkauliem
instrumental (instrumentālis)	mugurkaulu	mugurkauliem
locative (lokatīvs)	mugurkaulā	mugurkaulos
vocative (vokatīvs)	mugurkaul	mugurkauli