English edit

 a b c d e f g h  
8        8
7        7
6        6
5        5
4        4
3        3
2        2
1        1
 a b c d e f g h  
The rook on the e-file (marked with crosses) is on an open file since there are no pawns on it. The rook can move to any square on the file, uninhibited by pawns.

Noun edit

open file (plural open files)

  1. (chess) A file with no pawns of either color on it.

Hypernyms edit

Coordinate terms edit

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