plienas

Lithuanian

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plienas

Etymology

Related to Latvian pliens, Old Prussian playnis, with further origin outside of Baltic uncertain.^[1] Trautmann suggests a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *pleyn- (“metal arrow”), and compares Proto-Germanic *flainaz (“hook, prong”),^[2] while Trubachev suggests a connection to plė́nis (“embers, hot ash”) (itself of unclear origin), noting that in ancient times, steel was made by heating iron, then cooling it and scraping off the ashy layers on top.^[3]

Pronunciation

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Noun

pliẽnas m stress pattern 4

steel

Declension

Declension of pliẽnas

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	pliẽnas	plienaĩ
genitive (kilmininkas)	pliẽno	plienų̃
dative (naudininkas)	pliẽnui	plienáms
accusative (galininkas)	pliẽną	plienùs
instrumental (įnagininkas)	plienù	plienaĩs
locative (vietininkas)	plienè	plienuosè
vocative (šauksmininkas)	pliẽne	plienaĩ

References

^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “pliẽnas”, in Słownik etymologiczny je̜zyka litewskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 474
^ Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965) “pliẽnas”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume I, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 623
^ “plienas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012