Tone unknown
|
Infinitive
|
ukuqhephula
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuqhephula
|
ukungaqhephuli
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
qhephula
|
-qhephule
|
Plural
|
qhephulani
|
-qhephuleni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaqhephula, ngiqhephula
|
engiqhephulayo, engiqhephula
|
ngiqhephula
|
angiqhephuli
|
engingaqhephuli
|
ngingaqhephuli
|
2nd singular
|
uyaqhephula, uqhephula
|
oqhephulayo, oqhephula
|
uqhephula
|
awuqhephuli
|
ongaqhephuli
|
ungaqhephuli
|
1st plural
|
siyaqhephula, siqhephula
|
esiqhephulayo, esiqhephula
|
siqhephula
|
asiqhephuli
|
esingaqhephuli
|
singaqhephuli
|
2nd plural
|
niyaqhephula, niqhephula
|
eniqhephulayo, eniqhephula
|
niqhephula
|
aniqhephuli
|
eningaqhephuli
|
ningaqhephuli
|
Class 1
|
uyaqhephula, uqhephula
|
oqhephulayo, oqhephula
|
eqhephula
|
akaqhephuli
|
ongaqhephuli
|
engaqhephuli
|
Class 2
|
bayaqhephula, baqhephula
|
abaqhephulayo, abaqhephula
|
beqhephula
|
abaqhephuli
|
abangaqhephuli
|
bengaqhephuli
|
Class 3
|
uyaqhephula, uqhephula
|
oqhephulayo, oqhephula
|
uqhephula
|
awuqhephuli
|
ongaqhephuli
|
ungaqhephuli
|
Class 4
|
iyaqhephula, iqhephula
|
eqhephulayo, eqhephula
|
iqhephula
|
ayiqhephuli
|
engaqhephuli
|
ingaqhephuli
|
Class 5
|
liyaqhephula, liqhephula
|
eliqhephulayo, eliqhephula
|
liqhephula
|
aliqhephuli
|
elingaqhephuli
|
lingaqhephuli
|
Class 6
|
ayaqhephula, aqhephula
|
aqhephulayo, aqhephula
|
eqhephula
|
awaqhephuli
|
angaqhephuli
|
engaqhephuli
|
Class 7
|
siyaqhephula, siqhephula
|
esiqhephulayo, esiqhephula
|
siqhephula
|
asiqhephuli
|
esingaqhephuli
|
singaqhephuli
|
Class 8
|
ziyaqhephula, ziqhephula
|
eziqhephulayo, eziqhephula
|
ziqhephula
|
aziqhephuli
|
ezingaqhephuli
|
zingaqhephuli
|
Class 9
|
iyaqhephula, iqhephula
|
eqhephulayo, eqhephula
|
iqhephula
|
ayiqhephuli
|
engaqhephuli
|
ingaqhephuli
|
Class 10
|
ziyaqhephula, ziqhephula
|
eziqhephulayo, eziqhephula
|
ziqhephula
|
aziqhephuli
|
ezingaqhephuli
|
zingaqhephuli
|
Class 11
|
luyaqhephula, luqhephula
|
oluqhephulayo, oluqhephula
|
luqhephula
|
aluqhephuli
|
olungaqhephuli
|
lungaqhephuli
|
Class 14
|
buyaqhephula, buqhephula
|
obuqhephulayo, obuqhephula
|
buqhephula
|
abuqhephuli
|
obungaqhephuli
|
bungaqhephuli
|
Class 15
|
kuyaqhephula, kuqhephula
|
okuqhephulayo, okuqhephula
|
kuqhephula
|
akuqhephuli
|
okungaqhephuli
|
kungaqhephuli
|
Class 17
|
kuyaqhephula, kuqhephula
|
okuqhephulayo, okuqhephula
|
kuqhephula
|
akuqhephuli
|
okungaqhephuli
|
kungaqhephuli
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiqhephulile, ngiqhephulē
|
engiqhephulile, engiqhephulē
|
ngiqhephulile, ngiqhephulē
|
angiqhephulanga
|
engingaqhephulanga
|
ngingaqhephulanga
|
2nd singular
|
uqhephulile, uqhephulē
|
oqhephulile, oqhephulē
|
uqhephulile, uqhephulē
|
awuqhephulanga
|
ongaqhephulanga
|
ungaqhephulanga
|
1st plural
|
siqhephulile, siqhephulē
|
esiqhephulile, esiqhephulē
|
siqhephulile, siqhephulē
|
asiqhephulanga
|
esingaqhephulanga
|
singaqhephulanga
|
2nd plural
|
niqhephulile, niqhephulē
|
eniqhephulile, eniqhephulē
|
niqhephulile, niqhephulē
|
aniqhephulanga
|
eningaqhephulanga
|
ningaqhephulanga
|
Class 1
|
uqhephulile, uqhephulē
|
oqhephulile, oqhephulē
|
eqhephulile, eqhephulē
|
akaqhephulanga
|
ongaqhephulanga
|
engaqhephulanga
|
Class 2
|
baqhephulile, baqhephulē
|
abaqhephulile, abaqhephulē
|
beqhephulile, beqhephulē
|
abaqhephulanga
|
abangaqhephulanga
|
bengaqhephulanga
|
Class 3
|
uqhephulile, uqhephulē
|
oqhephulile, oqhephulē
|
uqhephulile, uqhephulē
|
awuqhephulanga
|
ongaqhephulanga
|
ungaqhephulanga
|
Class 4
|
iqhephulile, iqhephulē
|
eqhephulile, eqhephulē
|
iqhephulile, iqhephulē
|
ayiqhephulanga
|
engaqhephulanga
|
ingaqhephulanga
|
Class 5
|
liqhephulile, liqhephulē
|
eliqhephulile, eliqhephulē
|
liqhephulile, liqhephulē
|
aliqhephulanga
|
elingaqhephulanga
|
lingaqhephulanga
|
Class 6
|
aqhephulile, aqhephulē
|
aqhephulile, aqhephulē
|
eqhephulile, eqhephulē
|
awaqhephulanga
|
angaqhephulanga
|
engaqhephulanga
|
Class 7
|
siqhephulile, siqhephulē
|
esiqhephulile, esiqhephulē
|
siqhephulile, siqhephulē
|
asiqhephulanga
|
esingaqhephulanga
|
singaqhephulanga
|
Class 8
|
ziqhephulile, ziqhephulē
|
eziqhephulile, eziqhephulē
|
ziqhephulile, ziqhephulē
|
aziqhephulanga
|
ezingaqhephulanga
|
zingaqhephulanga
|
Class 9
|
iqhephulile, iqhephulē
|
eqhephulile, eqhephulē
|
iqhephulile, iqhephulē
|
ayiqhephulanga
|
engaqhephulanga
|
ingaqhephulanga
|
Class 10
|
ziqhephulile, ziqhephulē
|
eziqhephulile, eziqhephulē
|
ziqhephulile, ziqhephulē
|
aziqhephulanga
|
ezingaqhephulanga
|
zingaqhephulanga
|
Class 11
|
luqhephulile, luqhephulē
|
oluqhephulile, oluqhephulē
|
luqhephulile, luqhephulē
|
aluqhephulanga
|
olungaqhephulanga
|
lungaqhephulanga
|
Class 14
|
buqhephulile, buqhephulē
|
obuqhephulile, obuqhephulē
|
buqhephulile, buqhephulē
|
abuqhephulanga
|
obungaqhephulanga
|
bungaqhephulanga
|
Class 15
|
kuqhephulile, kuqhephulē
|
okuqhephulile, okuqhephulē
|
kuqhephulile, kuqhephulē
|
akuqhephulanga
|
okungaqhephulanga
|
kungaqhephulanga
|
Class 17
|
kuqhephulile, kuqhephulē
|
okuqhephulile, okuqhephulē
|
kuqhephulile, kuqhephulē
|
akuqhephulanga
|
okungaqhephulanga
|
kungaqhephulanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāqhephula
|
engāqhephula
|
ngāqhephula
|
angiqhephulanga
|
engingaqhephulanga
|
ngingaqhephulanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāqhephula
|
owāqhephula
|
wāqhephula
|
awuqhephulanga
|
ongaqhephulanga
|
ungaqhephulanga
|
1st plural
|
sāqhephula
|
esāqhephula
|
sāqhephula
|
asiqhephulanga
|
esingaqhephulanga
|
singaqhephulanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāqhephula
|
enāqhephula
|
nāqhephula
|
aniqhephulanga
|
eningaqhephulanga
|
ningaqhephulanga
|
Class 1
|
wāqhephula
|
owāqhephula
|
āqhephula
|
akaqhephulanga
|
ongaqhephulanga
|
engaqhephulanga
|
Class 2
|
bāqhephula
|
abāqhephula
|
bāqhephula
|
abaqhephulanga
|
abangaqhephulanga
|
bengaqhephulanga
|
Class 3
|
wāqhephula
|
owāqhephula
|
wāqhephula
|
awuqhephulanga
|
ongaqhephulanga
|
ungaqhephulanga
|
Class 4
|
yāqhephula
|
eyāqhephula
|
yāqhephula
|
ayiqhephulanga
|
engaqhephulanga
|
ingaqhephulanga
|
Class 5
|
lāqhephula
|
elāqhephula
|
lāqhephula
|
aliqhephulanga
|
elingaqhephulanga
|
lingaqhephulanga
|
Class 6
|
āqhephula
|
āqhephula
|
āqhephula
|
awaqhephulanga
|
angaqhephulanga
|
engaqhephulanga
|
Class 7
|
sāqhephula
|
esāqhephula
|
sāqhephula
|
asiqhephulanga
|
esingaqhephulanga
|
singaqhephulanga
|
Class 8
|
zāqhephula
|
ezāqhephula
|
zāqhephula
|
aziqhephulanga
|
ezingaqhephulanga
|
zingaqhephulanga
|
Class 9
|
yāqhephula
|
eyāqhephula
|
yāqhephula
|
ayiqhephulanga
|
engaqhephulanga
|
ingaqhephulanga
|
Class 10
|
zāqhephula
|
ezāqhephula
|
zāqhephula
|
aziqhephulanga
|
ezingaqhephulanga
|
zingaqhephulanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāqhephula
|
olwāqhephula
|
lwāqhephula
|
aluqhephulanga
|
olungaqhephulanga
|
lungaqhephulanga
|
Class 14
|
bāqhephula
|
obāqhephula
|
bāqhephula
|
abuqhephulanga
|
obungaqhephulanga
|
bungaqhephulanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāqhephula
|
okwāqhephula
|
kwāqhephula
|
akuqhephulanga
|
okungaqhephulanga
|
kungaqhephulanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāqhephula
|
okwāqhephula
|
kwāqhephula
|
akuqhephulanga
|
okungaqhephulanga
|
kungaqhephulanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaqhephula
|
—
|
ngingaqhephula
|
ngingeqhephule
|
—
|
ngingeqhephule
|
2nd singular
|
ungaqhephula
|
—
|
ungaqhephula
|
ungeqhephule
|
—
|
ungeqhephule
|
1st plural
|
singaqhephula
|
—
|
singaqhephula
|
singeqhephule
|
—
|
singeqhephule
|
2nd plural
|
ningaqhephula
|
—
|
ningaqhephula
|
ningeqhephule
|
—
|
ningeqhephule
|
Class 1
|
angaqhephula
|
—
|
engaqhephula
|
angeqhephule
|
—
|
engeqhephule
|
Class 2
|
bangaqhephula
|
—
|
bengaqhephula
|
bangeqhephule
|
—
|
bengeqhephule
|
Class 3
|
ungaqhephula
|
—
|
ungaqhephula
|
ungeqhephule
|
—
|
ungeqhephule
|
Class 4
|
ingaqhephula
|
—
|
ingaqhephula
|
ingeqhephule
|
—
|
ingeqhephule
|
Class 5
|
lingaqhephula
|
—
|
lingaqhephula
|
lingeqhephule
|
—
|
lingeqhephule
|
Class 6
|
angaqhephula
|
—
|
engaqhephula
|
angeqhephule
|
—
|
engeqhephule
|
Class 7
|
singaqhephula
|
—
|
singaqhephula
|
singeqhephule
|
—
|
singeqhephule
|
Class 8
|
zingaqhephula
|
—
|
zingaqhephula
|
zingeqhephule
|
—
|
zingeqhephule
|
Class 9
|
ingaqhephula
|
—
|
ingaqhephula
|
ingeqhephule
|
—
|
ingeqhephule
|
Class 10
|
zingaqhephula
|
—
|
zingaqhephula
|
zingeqhephule
|
—
|
zingeqhephule
|
Class 11
|
lungaqhephula
|
—
|
lungaqhephula
|
lungeqhephule
|
—
|
lungeqhephule
|
Class 14
|
bungaqhephula
|
—
|
bungaqhephula
|
bungeqhephule
|
—
|
bungeqhephule
|
Class 15
|
kungaqhephula
|
—
|
kungaqhephula
|
kungeqhephule
|
—
|
kungeqhephule
|
Class 17
|
kungaqhephula
|
—
|
kungaqhephula
|
kungeqhephule
|
—
|
kungeqhephule
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizoqhephula
|
engizoqhephula
|
ngizoqhephula
|
angizuqhephula
|
engingezuqhephula
|
ngingezuqhephula
|
2nd singular
|
uzoqhephula
|
ozoqhephula
|
uzoqhephula
|
awuzuqhephula
|
ongezuqhephula
|
ungezuqhephula
|
1st plural
|
sizoqhephula
|
esizoqhephula
|
sizoqhephula
|
asizuqhephula
|
esingezuqhephula
|
singezuqhephula
|
2nd plural
|
nizoqhephula
|
enizoqhephula
|
nizoqhephula
|
anizuqhephula
|
eningezuqhephula
|
ningezuqhephula
|
Class 1
|
uzoqhephula
|
ozoqhephula
|
ezoqhephula
|
akazuqhephula
|
ongezuqhephula
|
engezuqhephula
|
Class 2
|
bazoqhephula
|
abazoqhephula
|
bezoqhephula
|
abazuqhephula
|
abangezuqhephula
|
bengezuqhephula
|
Class 3
|
uzoqhephula
|
ozoqhephula
|
uzoqhephula
|
awuzuqhephula
|
ongezuqhephula
|
ungezuqhephula
|
Class 4
|
izoqhephula
|
ezoqhephula
|
izoqhephula
|
ayizuqhephula
|
engezuqhephula
|
ingezuqhephula
|
Class 5
|
lizoqhephula
|
elizoqhephula
|
lizoqhephula
|
alizuqhephula
|
elingezuqhephula
|
lingezuqhephula
|
Class 6
|
azoqhephula
|
azoqhephula
|
ezoqhephula
|
awazuqhephula
|
angezuqhephula
|
engezuqhephula
|
Class 7
|
sizoqhephula
|
esizoqhephula
|
sizoqhephula
|
asizuqhephula
|
esingezuqhephula
|
singezuqhephula
|
Class 8
|
zizoqhephula
|
ezizoqhephula
|
zizoqhephula
|
azizuqhephula
|
ezingezuqhephula
|
zingezuqhephula
|
Class 9
|
izoqhephula
|
ezoqhephula
|
izoqhephula
|
ayizuqhephula
|
engezuqhephula
|
ingezuqhephula
|
Class 10
|
zizoqhephula
|
ezizoqhephula
|
zizoqhephula
|
azizuqhephula
|
ezingezuqhephula
|
zingezuqhephula
|
Class 11
|
luzoqhephula
|
oluzoqhephula
|
luzoqhephula
|
aluzuqhephula
|
olungezuqhephula
|
lungezuqhephula
|
Class 14
|
buzoqhephula
|
obuzoqhephula
|
buzoqhephula
|
abuzuqhephula
|
obungezuqhephula
|
bungezuqhephula
|
Class 15
|
kuzoqhephula
|
okuzoqhephula
|
kuzoqhephula
|
akuzuqhephula
|
okungezuqhephula
|
kungezuqhephula
|
Class 17
|
kuzoqhephula
|
okuzoqhephula
|
kuzoqhephula
|
akuzuqhephula
|
okungezuqhephula
|
kungezuqhephula
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyoqhephula
|
engiyoqhephula
|
ngiyoqhephula
|
angiyuqhephula
|
engingeyuqhephula
|
ngingeyuqhephula
|
2nd singular
|
uyoqhephula
|
oyoqhephula
|
uyoqhephula
|
awuyuqhephula
|
ongeyuqhephula
|
ungeyuqhephula
|
1st plural
|
siyoqhephula
|
esiyoqhephula
|
siyoqhephula
|
asiyuqhephula
|
esingeyuqhephula
|
singeyuqhephula
|
2nd plural
|
niyoqhephula
|
eniyoqhephula
|
niyoqhephula
|
aniyuqhephula
|
eningeyuqhephula
|
ningeyuqhephula
|
Class 1
|
uyoqhephula
|
oyoqhephula
|
eyoqhephula
|
akayuqhephula
|
ongeyuqhephula
|
engeyuqhephula
|
Class 2
|
bayoqhephula
|
abayoqhephula
|
beyoqhephula
|
abayuqhephula
|
abangeyuqhephula
|
bengeyuqhephula
|
Class 3
|
uyoqhephula
|
oyoqhephula
|
uyoqhephula
|
awuyuqhephula
|
ongeyuqhephula
|
ungeyuqhephula
|
Class 4
|
iyoqhephula
|
eyoqhephula
|
iyoqhephula
|
ayiyuqhephula
|
engeyuqhephula
|
ingeyuqhephula
|
Class 5
|
liyoqhephula
|
eliyoqhephula
|
liyoqhephula
|
aliyuqhephula
|
elingeyuqhephula
|
lingeyuqhephula
|
Class 6
|
ayoqhephula
|
ayoqhephula
|
eyoqhephula
|
awayuqhephula
|
angeyuqhephula
|
engeyuqhephula
|
Class 7
|
siyoqhephula
|
esiyoqhephula
|
siyoqhephula
|
asiyuqhephula
|
esingeyuqhephula
|
singeyuqhephula
|
Class 8
|
ziyoqhephula
|
eziyoqhephula
|
ziyoqhephula
|
aziyuqhephula
|
ezingeyuqhephula
|
zingeyuqhephula
|
Class 9
|
iyoqhephula
|
eyoqhephula
|
iyoqhephula
|
ayiyuqhephula
|
engeyuqhephula
|
ingeyuqhephula
|
Class 10
|
ziyoqhephula
|
eziyoqhephula
|
ziyoqhephula
|
aziyuqhephula
|
ezingeyuqhephula
|
zingeyuqhephula
|
Class 11
|
luyoqhephula
|
oluyoqhephula
|
luyoqhephula
|
aluyuqhephula
|
olungeyuqhephula
|
lungeyuqhephula
|
Class 14
|
buyoqhephula
|
obuyoqhephula
|
buyoqhephula
|
abuyuqhephula
|
obungeyuqhephula
|
bungeyuqhephula
|
Class 15
|
kuyoqhephula
|
okuyoqhephula
|
kuyoqhephula
|
akuyuqhephula
|
okungeyuqhephula
|
kungeyuqhephula
|
Class 17
|
kuyoqhephula
|
okuyoqhephula
|
kuyoqhephula
|
akuyuqhephula
|
okungeyuqhephula
|
kungeyuqhephula
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngiqhephule
|
ngingaqhephuli
|
2nd singular
|
uqhephule
|
ungaqhephuli
|
1st plural
|
siqhephule
|
singaqhephuli
|
2nd plural
|
niqhephule
|
ningaqhephuli
|
Class 1
|
aqhephule
|
angaqhephuli
|
Class 2
|
baqhephule
|
bangaqhephuli
|
Class 3
|
uqhephule
|
ungaqhephuli
|
Class 4
|
iqhephule
|
ingaqhephuli
|
Class 5
|
liqhephule
|
lingaqhephuli
|
Class 6
|
aqhephule
|
angaqhephuli
|
Class 7
|
siqhephule
|
singaqhephuli
|
Class 8
|
ziqhephule
|
zingaqhephuli
|
Class 9
|
iqhephule
|
ingaqhephuli
|
Class 10
|
ziqhephule
|
zingaqhephuli
|
Class 11
|
luqhephule
|
lungaqhephuli
|
Class 14
|
buqhephule
|
bungaqhephuli
|
Class 15
|
kuqhephule
|
kungaqhephuli
|
Class 17
|
kuqhephule
|
kungaqhephuli
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaqhephula
|
ngangaqhephula, angaqhephula, angangaqhephula
|
2nd singular
|
waqhephula
|
wangaqhephula, awaqhephula, awangaqhephula
|
1st plural
|
saqhephula
|
sangaqhephula, asaqhephula, asangaqhephula
|
2nd plural
|
naqhephula
|
nangaqhephula, anaqhephula, anangaqhephula
|
Class 1
|
waqhephula
|
wangaqhephula, akaqhephula, akangaqhephula
|
Class 2
|
baqhephula
|
bangaqhephula, abaqhephula, abangaqhephula
|
Class 3
|
waqhephula
|
wangaqhephula, awaqhephula, awangaqhephula
|
Class 4
|
yaqhephula
|
yangaqhephula, ayaqhephula, ayangaqhephula
|
Class 5
|
laqhephula
|
langaqhephula, alaqhephula, alangaqhephula
|
Class 6
|
aqhephula
|
angaqhephula, awaqhephula, awangaqhephula
|
Class 7
|
saqhephula
|
sangaqhephula, asaqhephula, asangaqhephula
|
Class 8
|
zaqhephula
|
zangaqhephula, azaqhephula, azangaqhephula
|
Class 9
|
yaqhephula
|
yangaqhephula, ayaqhephula, ayangaqhephula
|
Class 10
|
zaqhephula
|
zangaqhephula, azaqhephula, azangaqhephula
|
Class 11
|
lwaqhephula
|
lwangaqhephula, alwaqhephula, alwangaqhephula
|
Class 14
|
baqhephula
|
bangaqhephula, abaqhephula, abangaqhephula
|
Class 15
|
kwaqhephula
|
kwangaqhephula, akwaqhephula, akwangaqhephula
|
Class 17
|
kwaqhephula
|
kwangaqhephula, akwaqhephula, akwangaqhephula
|