rétrograder

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin retrōgradō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.de/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

rétrograder

1. to turn back, go back
2. to retrogress
3. (motoring) to downshift
4. (military) to demote

Conjugation

Conjugation of rétrograder (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	rétrograder
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	rétrogradant /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		rétrogradé /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.de/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	rétrograde /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/	rétrogrades /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/	rétrograde /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/	rétrogradons /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dɔ̃/	rétrogradez /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.de/	rétrogradent /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/
	imperfect	rétrogradais /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dɛ/	rétrogradais /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dɛ/	rétrogradait /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dɛ/	rétrogradions /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.djɔ̃/	rétrogradiez /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dje/	rétrogradaient /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dɛ/
	past historic2	rétrogradai /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.de/	rétrogradas /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.da/	rétrograda /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.da/	rétrogradâmes /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dam/	rétrogradâtes /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dat/	rétrogradèrent /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dɛʁ/
	future	rétrograderai /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁe/	rétrograderas /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁa/	rétrogradera /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁa/	rétrograderons /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁɔ̃/	rétrograderez /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁe/	rétrograderont /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	rétrograderais /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁɛ/	rétrograderais /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁɛ/	rétrograderait /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁɛ/	rétrograderions /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.də.ʁjɔ̃/	rétrograderiez /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.də.ʁje/	rétrograderaient /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	rétrograde /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/	rétrogrades /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/	rétrograde /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/	rétrogradions /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.djɔ̃/	rétrogradiez /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dje/	rétrogradent /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/
	imperfect2	rétrogradasse /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.das/	rétrogradasses /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.das/	rétrogradât /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.da/	rétrogradassions /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.da.sjɔ̃/	rétrogradassiez /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.da.sje/	rétrogradassent /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.das/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	rétrograde /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁad/	—	rétrogradons /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.dɔ̃/	rétrogradez /ʁe.tʁɔ.ɡʁa.de/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• rétrograde

Further reading

• “rétrograder”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.