rôtir
See also: rostir
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle French roustir, from Old French rostir, from Frankish *rōstjan (“to roast”), from Proto-Germanic *raustijaną (“to roast”), from Proto-Indo-European *reus- (“to crackle, roast”). Germanic cognates include Old High German rōsten. Compare Italian arrostire and Spanish rostir.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
rôtir
- to roast
Conjugation edit
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of rôtir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | rôtir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | rôtissant /ʁo.ti.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | rôti /ʁo.ti/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | rôtis /ʁo.ti/ |
rôtis /ʁo.ti/ |
rôtit /ʁo.ti/ |
rôtissons /ʁo.ti.sɔ̃/ |
rôtissez /ʁo.ti.se/ |
rôtissent /ʁo.tis/ |
| imperfect | rôtissais /ʁo.ti.sɛ/ |
rôtissais /ʁo.ti.sɛ/ |
rôtissait /ʁo.ti.sɛ/ |
rôtissions /ʁo.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
rôtissiez /ʁo.ti.sje/ |
rôtissaient /ʁo.ti.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | rôtis /ʁo.ti/ |
rôtis /ʁo.ti/ |
rôtit /ʁo.ti/ |
rôtîmes /ʁo.tim/ |
rôtîtes /ʁo.tit/ |
rôtirent /ʁo.tiʁ/ | |
| future | rôtirai /ʁo.ti.ʁe/ |
rôtiras /ʁo.ti.ʁa/ |
rôtira /ʁo.ti.ʁa/ |
rôtirons /ʁo.ti.ʁɔ̃/ |
rôtirez /ʁo.ti.ʁe/ |
rôtiront /ʁo.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | rôtirais /ʁo.ti.ʁɛ/ |
rôtirais /ʁo.ti.ʁɛ/ |
rôtirait /ʁo.ti.ʁɛ/ |
rôtirions /ʁo.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ |
rôtiriez /ʁo.ti.ʁje/ |
rôtiraient /ʁo.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | rôtisse /ʁo.tis/ |
rôtisses /ʁo.tis/ |
rôtisse /ʁo.tis/ |
rôtissions /ʁo.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
rôtissiez /ʁo.ti.sje/ |
rôtissent /ʁo.tis/ |
| imperfect2 | rôtisse /ʁo.tis/ |
rôtisses /ʁo.tis/ |
rôtît /ʁo.ti/ |
rôtissions /ʁo.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
rôtissiez /ʁo.ti.sje/ |
rôtissent /ʁo.tis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | rôtis /ʁo.ti/ |
— | rôtissons /ʁo.ti.sɔ̃/ |
rôtissez /ʁo.ti.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “rotir” in Dictionnaire français en ligne Larousse.
- “rôtir” in Émile Littré, Dictionnaire de la langue française, 1872–1877.
- “rotir” in Dictionnaire Le Robert.
- “rôtir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.