ricaner

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁi.ka.ne/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

ricaner

1. to giggle
2. to sneer, smile grimly
   • 1955, Georges Simenon, translated by Siân Reynolds, Maigret tend un piège [Maigret Sets a Trap], Livre de Poche, page 130:

     Le coup de grâce ! ricana Maigret.

     'The coup de grâce,' Maigret said grimly.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ricaner (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	ricaner
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	ricanant /ʁi.ka.nɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		ricané /ʁi.ka.ne/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	ricane /ʁi.kan/	ricanes /ʁi.kan/	ricane /ʁi.kan/	ricanons /ʁi.ka.nɔ̃/	ricanez /ʁi.ka.ne/	ricanent /ʁi.kan/
	imperfect	ricanais /ʁi.ka.nɛ/	ricanais /ʁi.ka.nɛ/	ricanait /ʁi.ka.nɛ/	ricanions /ʁi.ka.njɔ̃/	ricaniez /ʁi.ka.nje/	ricanaient /ʁi.ka.nɛ/
	past historic2	ricanai /ʁi.ka.ne/	ricanas /ʁi.ka.na/	ricana /ʁi.ka.na/	ricanâmes /ʁi.ka.nam/	ricanâtes /ʁi.ka.nat/	ricanèrent /ʁi.ka.nɛʁ/
	future	ricanerai /ʁi.kan.ʁe/	ricaneras /ʁi.kan.ʁa/	ricanera /ʁi.kan.ʁa/	ricanerons /ʁi.kan.ʁɔ̃/	ricanerez /ʁi.kan.ʁe/	ricaneront /ʁi.kan.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	ricanerais /ʁi.kan.ʁɛ/	ricanerais /ʁi.kan.ʁɛ/	ricanerait /ʁi.kan.ʁɛ/	ricanerions /ʁi.ka.nə.ʁjɔ̃/	ricaneriez /ʁi.ka.nə.ʁje/	ricaneraient /ʁi.kan.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	ricane /ʁi.kan/	ricanes /ʁi.kan/	ricane /ʁi.kan/	ricanions /ʁi.ka.njɔ̃/	ricaniez /ʁi.ka.nje/	ricanent /ʁi.kan/
	imperfect2	ricanasse /ʁi.ka.nas/	ricanasses /ʁi.ka.nas/	ricanât /ʁi.ka.na/	ricanassions /ʁi.ka.na.sjɔ̃/	ricanassiez /ʁi.ka.na.sje/	ricanassent /ʁi.ka.nas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	ricane /ʁi.kan/	—	ricanons /ʁi.ka.nɔ̃/	ricanez /ʁi.ka.ne/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “ricaner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• raciner, rincera