shqip

Albanian edit

Alternative forms edit

(Gheg) šḱĭp, šḱip^[1]
(Gheg) shqyp, sccyp ^[2]

Etymology edit

According to Vladimir Orel, either a calque of Proto-Slavic *slověne (“Slavs”) using shqipoj (“to speak clearly”),^[3] or else from shqipe, shkype, dialectal forms of shkabë (“eagle”), according to a tribal totemic belief linked to the Albanian medieval flag. Replaced the now dialectal (Arbëresh, Arvanitika) arbër, αρbε̰ρ (arbër) ~ arbën.

The first trace of the name "Shqiptar" appears at the end of the XIV century in the town of Drisht (Drivastum) of Northern Albania as a family name (1368 - 1402: Schibudar, Schepuder, Schapudar, Scapuder).

Petar Skok suggested that this word is originated from Scupi (Shkupi), the capital of the Roman province of Dardania (today's Skopje).^[4] According to Petar Skok, the Albanian demonym Shkuptar (as in inhabitant of Skopje) changed to Shkiptar, which is still used among Arvanite Albanians in Greece, and later to Shqiptar.^[5]

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ʃcip/, /ʃc͡ɕip/ (Standard Albanian)
IPA^(key): /ʃcip/, /ʃc͡ɕip/ (Gheg, [c]~[c͡ɕ] may merge with [t͡ɕ]~[t͡ʃ] in northern Gheg dialects)

audio

(file)

(Audio: [c]~[c͡ɕ] > [t͡ɕ]~[t͡ʃ])

IPA^(key): /ʃkʲip/ (archaic, preserved in Cham)

Adjective edit

shqip (feminine shqipe)^[6]

Albanian
gjuha shqipe ― the Albanian language

Adverb edit

shqip^[7]

in the Albanian language
clear, understandable, comprehensive, unequivocally
Synonyms: qartë, kuptueshëm

Ia tha shkurt e shqip. ― He said it short and clear.

Related terms edit

Shqipëri f (“Albania”)
shqiptar m (“albanian”), shqiptare f (“id”), Skipetár m (“id”)^[8]^[9] (Arvanitic)
shqipe f (“albanian”), shqipe f (“eagle”)
shqipoj (“I say clear”) (active)
shqipuar (“clearly said”) (participle)
shqiptoj (“I pronounce”) (active)
shqiptohem (“I express myself”) (passive)
shqiptuar (“pronounced”) (participle)
shqiptim m (“pronunciation”)
shqipëlloj (“I explain”) (active)
shqipëlluar (“explained”) (participle)
shqipëllim m (“explainig”)
shqipërim m (“translating”)
shqipëroj (“I translate”) (active)
shqipëruar (“translated”) (participle)
shqiponjë f (“eagle”)

References edit

^ [1] ΔΙΑΤΑ Ε RĒ (Standard Albanian: Dhjata e Re ('The New Testament'), Konstantin Kristoforidi (Konstandin Kristoforidhi), 1872
^ Fialuur i voghel Sccyp e ltinisct (Small Dictionary of Albanian and Latin), page 16, by P. Jak Junkut, 1895, Sckoder
^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “shqip”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 434
^ "ALBANCI". Enciklopedija Jugoslavije 2nd ed. Supplement. Zagreb: JLZ. 1984. p. 1.
^ Shqiptar on Wikipedia
^ Oda Buchholz, Wilfried Fiedler, Gerda Uhlisch (2000) Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch Albanisch, Langenscheidt Verlag, →ISBN, page 547 (adjective shqíp (m.), shqípe (f.))
^ Oda Buchholz, Wilfried Fiedler, Gerda Uhlisch (2000) Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch Albanisch, Langenscheidt Verlag, →ISBN, page 547 (adverb shqip)
^ William Martin-Leake (1814) Researches in Greece, John Booth, Duke Street, Portland Place, page 296 ([2] → see chapter “Romaico (greek) - Arvanetic (arvanitic) vocabulary”: Άλβανήτης, Άρβανήτης = Albanian = Skipetár)
^ William Martin-Leake (2010) Reasearches in Greece, Cambridge University Press, New York, USA, →ISBN, page 296 ([3] → see chapter “Romaico (greek) - Arvanetic (arvanitic) vocabulary”: Άλβανήτης, Άρβανήτης = Albanian = Skipetár)