sluindid
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
Disputed. There are two main theories.[1]
- The majority opinion derives the verb from Proto-Celtic *sɸlondīti, itself said to be from Proto-Indo-European *spln̥d-eh₁- (“to be manifest”). The verb is often connected with Latin splendeō (“to shine”).
- Another theory listed derives the verb from Proto-Celtic *stlondīti, connecting it with Middle Welsh cystlwn (“kindred”), Old Welsh istlinnit (“speaks out”), and Middle Breton stlen (“declared”) instead. This etymology has no known cognates outside of Celtic.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
sluindid (conjunct ·sluindi, verbal noun slond or slondad)
Inflection edit
Simple, class W2b present, s preterite, f future, a subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Abs. | sluindid | |||||||
Conj. | ·sluindi | ||||||||
Rel. | sluindes; sloindes | sluindite, sluinditae; sluinde, sluindte | sloinnter | ||||||
Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
Preterite | Abs. | sluindsius (with suffixed pronoun -us) | |||||||
Conj. | |||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Future | Abs. | sluindfemmi | |||||||
Conj. | ·sluinfem | ||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Conditional | |||||||||
Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
Conj. | ·sloindet | ||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Imperative | sluind | ||||||||
Verbal noun | slond, slondad | ||||||||
Past participle | |||||||||
Verbal of necessity |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Irish: sloinn
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
sluindid | ṡluindid | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*stlondo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 356
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sluindid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language