smerd

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian смерд (smerd).

Noun

smerd (plural smerds or smerdy)

1. (historical) A member of a class of peasants in medieval Rus', perhaps initially freemen but later gradually reduced to a lower status.

Translations

a member of a class of peasants in medieval Rus'

• Armenian: սմերդ (smerd)
• Belarusian: смердзь m (smjerdzʹ), смерд m (smjerd)
• Japanese: スメルド (sumerudo)
• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: смръдъ m (smrŭdŭ)

• Old East Slavic: смръдъ m (smrŭdŭ), смердъ m (smerdŭ)
• Old Novgorodian: смьрде (smĭrde)
• Russian: смерд (ru) m (smerd)
• Ukrainian: смерд m (smerd)

Anagrams

• derms, DMers

Polish

Alternative forms

• smard, smerda
• smurd (less common)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish smard, from Proto-Slavic *smъrdъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsmɛrt/
• Rhymes: -ɛrt
• Syllabification: smerd

Noun

smerd m pers

1. (historical) smerd (free peasant and later a feudal-dependent serf in the medieval Slavic states of East Europe)

Declension

Declension of smerd

	singular	plural
nominative	smerd	smerdowie/smerdzi/smerdy (deprecative)
genitive	smerda	smerdów
dative	smerdowi	smerdom
accusative	smerda	smerdów
instrumental	smerdem	smerdami
locative	smerdzie	smerdach
vocative	smerdzie	smerdowie/smerdzi

Related terms

adjectives

• smardowski

 

nouns

• smardowstwo

 

Further reading

• smerd in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• smerd in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “SMARD”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “smard”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna