Tone unknown
|
Infinitive
|
ukutshengisa
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukutshengisa
|
ukungatshengisi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
tshengisa
|
-tshengise
|
Plural
|
tshengisani
|
-tshengiseni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyatshengisa, ngitshengisa
|
engitshengisayo, engitshengisa
|
ngitshengisa
|
angitshengisi
|
engingatshengisi
|
ngingatshengisi
|
2nd singular
|
uyatshengisa, utshengisa
|
otshengisayo, otshengisa
|
utshengisa
|
awutshengisi
|
ongatshengisi
|
ungatshengisi
|
1st plural
|
siyatshengisa, sitshengisa
|
esitshengisayo, esitshengisa
|
sitshengisa
|
asitshengisi
|
esingatshengisi
|
singatshengisi
|
2nd plural
|
niyatshengisa, nitshengisa
|
enitshengisayo, enitshengisa
|
nitshengisa
|
anitshengisi
|
eningatshengisi
|
ningatshengisi
|
Class 1
|
uyatshengisa, utshengisa
|
otshengisayo, otshengisa
|
etshengisa
|
akatshengisi
|
ongatshengisi
|
engatshengisi
|
Class 2
|
bayatshengisa, batshengisa
|
abatshengisayo, abatshengisa
|
betshengisa
|
abatshengisi
|
abangatshengisi
|
bengatshengisi
|
Class 3
|
uyatshengisa, utshengisa
|
otshengisayo, otshengisa
|
utshengisa
|
awutshengisi
|
ongatshengisi
|
ungatshengisi
|
Class 4
|
iyatshengisa, itshengisa
|
etshengisayo, etshengisa
|
itshengisa
|
ayitshengisi
|
engatshengisi
|
ingatshengisi
|
Class 5
|
liyatshengisa, litshengisa
|
elitshengisayo, elitshengisa
|
litshengisa
|
alitshengisi
|
elingatshengisi
|
lingatshengisi
|
Class 6
|
ayatshengisa, atshengisa
|
atshengisayo, atshengisa
|
etshengisa
|
awatshengisi
|
angatshengisi
|
engatshengisi
|
Class 7
|
siyatshengisa, sitshengisa
|
esitshengisayo, esitshengisa
|
sitshengisa
|
asitshengisi
|
esingatshengisi
|
singatshengisi
|
Class 8
|
ziyatshengisa, zitshengisa
|
ezitshengisayo, ezitshengisa
|
zitshengisa
|
azitshengisi
|
ezingatshengisi
|
zingatshengisi
|
Class 9
|
iyatshengisa, itshengisa
|
etshengisayo, etshengisa
|
itshengisa
|
ayitshengisi
|
engatshengisi
|
ingatshengisi
|
Class 10
|
ziyatshengisa, zitshengisa
|
ezitshengisayo, ezitshengisa
|
zitshengisa
|
azitshengisi
|
ezingatshengisi
|
zingatshengisi
|
Class 11
|
luyatshengisa, lutshengisa
|
olutshengisayo, olutshengisa
|
lutshengisa
|
alutshengisi
|
olungatshengisi
|
lungatshengisi
|
Class 14
|
buyatshengisa, butshengisa
|
obutshengisayo, obutshengisa
|
butshengisa
|
abutshengisi
|
obungatshengisi
|
bungatshengisi
|
Class 15
|
kuyatshengisa, kutshengisa
|
okutshengisayo, okutshengisa
|
kutshengisa
|
akutshengisi
|
okungatshengisi
|
kungatshengisi
|
Class 17
|
kuyatshengisa, kutshengisa
|
okutshengisayo, okutshengisa
|
kutshengisa
|
akutshengisi
|
okungatshengisi
|
kungatshengisi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngitshengisile, ngitshengisē
|
engitshengisile, engitshengisē
|
ngitshengisile, ngitshengisē
|
angitshengisanga
|
engingatshengisanga
|
ngingatshengisanga
|
2nd singular
|
utshengisile, utshengisē
|
otshengisile, otshengisē
|
utshengisile, utshengisē
|
awutshengisanga
|
ongatshengisanga
|
ungatshengisanga
|
1st plural
|
sitshengisile, sitshengisē
|
esitshengisile, esitshengisē
|
sitshengisile, sitshengisē
|
asitshengisanga
|
esingatshengisanga
|
singatshengisanga
|
2nd plural
|
nitshengisile, nitshengisē
|
enitshengisile, enitshengisē
|
nitshengisile, nitshengisē
|
anitshengisanga
|
eningatshengisanga
|
ningatshengisanga
|
Class 1
|
utshengisile, utshengisē
|
otshengisile, otshengisē
|
etshengisile, etshengisē
|
akatshengisanga
|
ongatshengisanga
|
engatshengisanga
|
Class 2
|
batshengisile, batshengisē
|
abatshengisile, abatshengisē
|
betshengisile, betshengisē
|
abatshengisanga
|
abangatshengisanga
|
bengatshengisanga
|
Class 3
|
utshengisile, utshengisē
|
otshengisile, otshengisē
|
utshengisile, utshengisē
|
awutshengisanga
|
ongatshengisanga
|
ungatshengisanga
|
Class 4
|
itshengisile, itshengisē
|
etshengisile, etshengisē
|
itshengisile, itshengisē
|
ayitshengisanga
|
engatshengisanga
|
ingatshengisanga
|
Class 5
|
litshengisile, litshengisē
|
elitshengisile, elitshengisē
|
litshengisile, litshengisē
|
alitshengisanga
|
elingatshengisanga
|
lingatshengisanga
|
Class 6
|
atshengisile, atshengisē
|
atshengisile, atshengisē
|
etshengisile, etshengisē
|
awatshengisanga
|
angatshengisanga
|
engatshengisanga
|
Class 7
|
sitshengisile, sitshengisē
|
esitshengisile, esitshengisē
|
sitshengisile, sitshengisē
|
asitshengisanga
|
esingatshengisanga
|
singatshengisanga
|
Class 8
|
zitshengisile, zitshengisē
|
ezitshengisile, ezitshengisē
|
zitshengisile, zitshengisē
|
azitshengisanga
|
ezingatshengisanga
|
zingatshengisanga
|
Class 9
|
itshengisile, itshengisē
|
etshengisile, etshengisē
|
itshengisile, itshengisē
|
ayitshengisanga
|
engatshengisanga
|
ingatshengisanga
|
Class 10
|
zitshengisile, zitshengisē
|
ezitshengisile, ezitshengisē
|
zitshengisile, zitshengisē
|
azitshengisanga
|
ezingatshengisanga
|
zingatshengisanga
|
Class 11
|
lutshengisile, lutshengisē
|
olutshengisile, olutshengisē
|
lutshengisile, lutshengisē
|
alutshengisanga
|
olungatshengisanga
|
lungatshengisanga
|
Class 14
|
butshengisile, butshengisē
|
obutshengisile, obutshengisē
|
butshengisile, butshengisē
|
abutshengisanga
|
obungatshengisanga
|
bungatshengisanga
|
Class 15
|
kutshengisile, kutshengisē
|
okutshengisile, okutshengisē
|
kutshengisile, kutshengisē
|
akutshengisanga
|
okungatshengisanga
|
kungatshengisanga
|
Class 17
|
kutshengisile, kutshengisē
|
okutshengisile, okutshengisē
|
kutshengisile, kutshengisē
|
akutshengisanga
|
okungatshengisanga
|
kungatshengisanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngātshengisa
|
engātshengisa
|
ngātshengisa
|
angitshengisanga
|
engingatshengisanga
|
ngingatshengisanga
|
2nd singular
|
wātshengisa
|
owātshengisa
|
wātshengisa
|
awutshengisanga
|
ongatshengisanga
|
ungatshengisanga
|
1st plural
|
sātshengisa
|
esātshengisa
|
sātshengisa
|
asitshengisanga
|
esingatshengisanga
|
singatshengisanga
|
2nd plural
|
nātshengisa
|
enātshengisa
|
nātshengisa
|
anitshengisanga
|
eningatshengisanga
|
ningatshengisanga
|
Class 1
|
wātshengisa
|
owātshengisa
|
ātshengisa
|
akatshengisanga
|
ongatshengisanga
|
engatshengisanga
|
Class 2
|
bātshengisa
|
abātshengisa
|
bātshengisa
|
abatshengisanga
|
abangatshengisanga
|
bengatshengisanga
|
Class 3
|
wātshengisa
|
owātshengisa
|
wātshengisa
|
awutshengisanga
|
ongatshengisanga
|
ungatshengisanga
|
Class 4
|
yātshengisa
|
eyātshengisa
|
yātshengisa
|
ayitshengisanga
|
engatshengisanga
|
ingatshengisanga
|
Class 5
|
lātshengisa
|
elātshengisa
|
lātshengisa
|
alitshengisanga
|
elingatshengisanga
|
lingatshengisanga
|
Class 6
|
ātshengisa
|
ātshengisa
|
ātshengisa
|
awatshengisanga
|
angatshengisanga
|
engatshengisanga
|
Class 7
|
sātshengisa
|
esātshengisa
|
sātshengisa
|
asitshengisanga
|
esingatshengisanga
|
singatshengisanga
|
Class 8
|
zātshengisa
|
ezātshengisa
|
zātshengisa
|
azitshengisanga
|
ezingatshengisanga
|
zingatshengisanga
|
Class 9
|
yātshengisa
|
eyātshengisa
|
yātshengisa
|
ayitshengisanga
|
engatshengisanga
|
ingatshengisanga
|
Class 10
|
zātshengisa
|
ezātshengisa
|
zātshengisa
|
azitshengisanga
|
ezingatshengisanga
|
zingatshengisanga
|
Class 11
|
lwātshengisa
|
olwātshengisa
|
lwātshengisa
|
alutshengisanga
|
olungatshengisanga
|
lungatshengisanga
|
Class 14
|
bātshengisa
|
obātshengisa
|
bātshengisa
|
abutshengisanga
|
obungatshengisanga
|
bungatshengisanga
|
Class 15
|
kwātshengisa
|
okwātshengisa
|
kwātshengisa
|
akutshengisanga
|
okungatshengisanga
|
kungatshengisanga
|
Class 17
|
kwātshengisa
|
okwātshengisa
|
kwātshengisa
|
akutshengisanga
|
okungatshengisanga
|
kungatshengisanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingatshengisa
|
—
|
ngingatshengisa
|
ngingetshengise
|
—
|
ngingetshengise
|
2nd singular
|
ungatshengisa
|
—
|
ungatshengisa
|
ungetshengise
|
—
|
ungetshengise
|
1st plural
|
singatshengisa
|
—
|
singatshengisa
|
singetshengise
|
—
|
singetshengise
|
2nd plural
|
ningatshengisa
|
—
|
ningatshengisa
|
ningetshengise
|
—
|
ningetshengise
|
Class 1
|
angatshengisa
|
—
|
engatshengisa
|
angetshengise
|
—
|
engetshengise
|
Class 2
|
bangatshengisa
|
—
|
bengatshengisa
|
bangetshengise
|
—
|
bengetshengise
|
Class 3
|
ungatshengisa
|
—
|
ungatshengisa
|
ungetshengise
|
—
|
ungetshengise
|
Class 4
|
ingatshengisa
|
—
|
ingatshengisa
|
ingetshengise
|
—
|
ingetshengise
|
Class 5
|
lingatshengisa
|
—
|
lingatshengisa
|
lingetshengise
|
—
|
lingetshengise
|
Class 6
|
angatshengisa
|
—
|
engatshengisa
|
angetshengise
|
—
|
engetshengise
|
Class 7
|
singatshengisa
|
—
|
singatshengisa
|
singetshengise
|
—
|
singetshengise
|
Class 8
|
zingatshengisa
|
—
|
zingatshengisa
|
zingetshengise
|
—
|
zingetshengise
|
Class 9
|
ingatshengisa
|
—
|
ingatshengisa
|
ingetshengise
|
—
|
ingetshengise
|
Class 10
|
zingatshengisa
|
—
|
zingatshengisa
|
zingetshengise
|
—
|
zingetshengise
|
Class 11
|
lungatshengisa
|
—
|
lungatshengisa
|
lungetshengise
|
—
|
lungetshengise
|
Class 14
|
bungatshengisa
|
—
|
bungatshengisa
|
bungetshengise
|
—
|
bungetshengise
|
Class 15
|
kungatshengisa
|
—
|
kungatshengisa
|
kungetshengise
|
—
|
kungetshengise
|
Class 17
|
kungatshengisa
|
—
|
kungatshengisa
|
kungetshengise
|
—
|
kungetshengise
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizotshengisa
|
engizotshengisa
|
ngizotshengisa
|
angizutshengisa
|
engingezutshengisa
|
ngingezutshengisa
|
2nd singular
|
uzotshengisa
|
ozotshengisa
|
uzotshengisa
|
awuzutshengisa
|
ongezutshengisa
|
ungezutshengisa
|
1st plural
|
sizotshengisa
|
esizotshengisa
|
sizotshengisa
|
asizutshengisa
|
esingezutshengisa
|
singezutshengisa
|
2nd plural
|
nizotshengisa
|
enizotshengisa
|
nizotshengisa
|
anizutshengisa
|
eningezutshengisa
|
ningezutshengisa
|
Class 1
|
uzotshengisa
|
ozotshengisa
|
ezotshengisa
|
akazutshengisa
|
ongezutshengisa
|
engezutshengisa
|
Class 2
|
bazotshengisa
|
abazotshengisa
|
bezotshengisa
|
abazutshengisa
|
abangezutshengisa
|
bengezutshengisa
|
Class 3
|
uzotshengisa
|
ozotshengisa
|
uzotshengisa
|
awuzutshengisa
|
ongezutshengisa
|
ungezutshengisa
|
Class 4
|
izotshengisa
|
ezotshengisa
|
izotshengisa
|
ayizutshengisa
|
engezutshengisa
|
ingezutshengisa
|
Class 5
|
lizotshengisa
|
elizotshengisa
|
lizotshengisa
|
alizutshengisa
|
elingezutshengisa
|
lingezutshengisa
|
Class 6
|
azotshengisa
|
azotshengisa
|
ezotshengisa
|
awazutshengisa
|
angezutshengisa
|
engezutshengisa
|
Class 7
|
sizotshengisa
|
esizotshengisa
|
sizotshengisa
|
asizutshengisa
|
esingezutshengisa
|
singezutshengisa
|
Class 8
|
zizotshengisa
|
ezizotshengisa
|
zizotshengisa
|
azizutshengisa
|
ezingezutshengisa
|
zingezutshengisa
|
Class 9
|
izotshengisa
|
ezotshengisa
|
izotshengisa
|
ayizutshengisa
|
engezutshengisa
|
ingezutshengisa
|
Class 10
|
zizotshengisa
|
ezizotshengisa
|
zizotshengisa
|
azizutshengisa
|
ezingezutshengisa
|
zingezutshengisa
|
Class 11
|
luzotshengisa
|
oluzotshengisa
|
luzotshengisa
|
aluzutshengisa
|
olungezutshengisa
|
lungezutshengisa
|
Class 14
|
buzotshengisa
|
obuzotshengisa
|
buzotshengisa
|
abuzutshengisa
|
obungezutshengisa
|
bungezutshengisa
|
Class 15
|
kuzotshengisa
|
okuzotshengisa
|
kuzotshengisa
|
akuzutshengisa
|
okungezutshengisa
|
kungezutshengisa
|
Class 17
|
kuzotshengisa
|
okuzotshengisa
|
kuzotshengisa
|
akuzutshengisa
|
okungezutshengisa
|
kungezutshengisa
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyotshengisa
|
engiyotshengisa
|
ngiyotshengisa
|
angiyutshengisa
|
engingeyutshengisa
|
ngingeyutshengisa
|
2nd singular
|
uyotshengisa
|
oyotshengisa
|
uyotshengisa
|
awuyutshengisa
|
ongeyutshengisa
|
ungeyutshengisa
|
1st plural
|
siyotshengisa
|
esiyotshengisa
|
siyotshengisa
|
asiyutshengisa
|
esingeyutshengisa
|
singeyutshengisa
|
2nd plural
|
niyotshengisa
|
eniyotshengisa
|
niyotshengisa
|
aniyutshengisa
|
eningeyutshengisa
|
ningeyutshengisa
|
Class 1
|
uyotshengisa
|
oyotshengisa
|
eyotshengisa
|
akayutshengisa
|
ongeyutshengisa
|
engeyutshengisa
|
Class 2
|
bayotshengisa
|
abayotshengisa
|
beyotshengisa
|
abayutshengisa
|
abangeyutshengisa
|
bengeyutshengisa
|
Class 3
|
uyotshengisa
|
oyotshengisa
|
uyotshengisa
|
awuyutshengisa
|
ongeyutshengisa
|
ungeyutshengisa
|
Class 4
|
iyotshengisa
|
eyotshengisa
|
iyotshengisa
|
ayiyutshengisa
|
engeyutshengisa
|
ingeyutshengisa
|
Class 5
|
liyotshengisa
|
eliyotshengisa
|
liyotshengisa
|
aliyutshengisa
|
elingeyutshengisa
|
lingeyutshengisa
|
Class 6
|
ayotshengisa
|
ayotshengisa
|
eyotshengisa
|
awayutshengisa
|
angeyutshengisa
|
engeyutshengisa
|
Class 7
|
siyotshengisa
|
esiyotshengisa
|
siyotshengisa
|
asiyutshengisa
|
esingeyutshengisa
|
singeyutshengisa
|
Class 8
|
ziyotshengisa
|
eziyotshengisa
|
ziyotshengisa
|
aziyutshengisa
|
ezingeyutshengisa
|
zingeyutshengisa
|
Class 9
|
iyotshengisa
|
eyotshengisa
|
iyotshengisa
|
ayiyutshengisa
|
engeyutshengisa
|
ingeyutshengisa
|
Class 10
|
ziyotshengisa
|
eziyotshengisa
|
ziyotshengisa
|
aziyutshengisa
|
ezingeyutshengisa
|
zingeyutshengisa
|
Class 11
|
luyotshengisa
|
oluyotshengisa
|
luyotshengisa
|
aluyutshengisa
|
olungeyutshengisa
|
lungeyutshengisa
|
Class 14
|
buyotshengisa
|
obuyotshengisa
|
buyotshengisa
|
abuyutshengisa
|
obungeyutshengisa
|
bungeyutshengisa
|
Class 15
|
kuyotshengisa
|
okuyotshengisa
|
kuyotshengisa
|
akuyutshengisa
|
okungeyutshengisa
|
kungeyutshengisa
|
Class 17
|
kuyotshengisa
|
okuyotshengisa
|
kuyotshengisa
|
akuyutshengisa
|
okungeyutshengisa
|
kungeyutshengisa
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngitshengise
|
ngingatshengisi
|
2nd singular
|
utshengise
|
ungatshengisi
|
1st plural
|
sitshengise
|
singatshengisi
|
2nd plural
|
nitshengise
|
ningatshengisi
|
Class 1
|
atshengise
|
angatshengisi
|
Class 2
|
batshengise
|
bangatshengisi
|
Class 3
|
utshengise
|
ungatshengisi
|
Class 4
|
itshengise
|
ingatshengisi
|
Class 5
|
litshengise
|
lingatshengisi
|
Class 6
|
atshengise
|
angatshengisi
|
Class 7
|
sitshengise
|
singatshengisi
|
Class 8
|
zitshengise
|
zingatshengisi
|
Class 9
|
itshengise
|
ingatshengisi
|
Class 10
|
zitshengise
|
zingatshengisi
|
Class 11
|
lutshengise
|
lungatshengisi
|
Class 14
|
butshengise
|
bungatshengisi
|
Class 15
|
kutshengise
|
kungatshengisi
|
Class 17
|
kutshengise
|
kungatshengisi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngatshengisa
|
ngangatshengisa, angatshengisa, angangatshengisa
|
2nd singular
|
watshengisa
|
wangatshengisa, awatshengisa, awangatshengisa
|
1st plural
|
satshengisa
|
sangatshengisa, asatshengisa, asangatshengisa
|
2nd plural
|
natshengisa
|
nangatshengisa, anatshengisa, anangatshengisa
|
Class 1
|
watshengisa
|
wangatshengisa, akatshengisa, akangatshengisa
|
Class 2
|
batshengisa
|
bangatshengisa, abatshengisa, abangatshengisa
|
Class 3
|
watshengisa
|
wangatshengisa, awatshengisa, awangatshengisa
|
Class 4
|
yatshengisa
|
yangatshengisa, ayatshengisa, ayangatshengisa
|
Class 5
|
latshengisa
|
langatshengisa, alatshengisa, alangatshengisa
|
Class 6
|
atshengisa
|
angatshengisa, awatshengisa, awangatshengisa
|
Class 7
|
satshengisa
|
sangatshengisa, asatshengisa, asangatshengisa
|
Class 8
|
zatshengisa
|
zangatshengisa, azatshengisa, azangatshengisa
|
Class 9
|
yatshengisa
|
yangatshengisa, ayatshengisa, ayangatshengisa
|
Class 10
|
zatshengisa
|
zangatshengisa, azatshengisa, azangatshengisa
|
Class 11
|
lwatshengisa
|
lwangatshengisa, alwatshengisa, alwangatshengisa
|
Class 14
|
batshengisa
|
bangatshengisa, abatshengisa, abangatshengisa
|
Class 15
|
kwatshengisa
|
kwangatshengisa, akwatshengisa, akwangatshengisa
|
Class 17
|
kwatshengisa
|
kwangatshengisa, akwatshengisa, akwangatshengisa
|