áram
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Back-formation from áramlik. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.[1]
Noun edit
áram (usually uncountable, plural áramok)
- power, electricity (a supply of electricity)
- Nincs áram. ― The power is down.
- (electricity) current
- Megrázott az áram, mikor megérintettem a drótot. ― I got an electric shock when I touched the wire. (literally, “The current shook me when…”)
- current, stream, flow (fluid or air that moves continuously in a certain direction)
- Synonym: áramlat
Declension edit
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | áram | áramok |
| accusative | áramot | áramokat |
| dative | áramnak | áramoknak |
| instrumental | árammal | áramokkal |
| causal-final | áramért | áramokért |
| translative | árammá | áramokká |
| terminative | áramig | áramokig |
| essive-formal | áramként | áramokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | áramban | áramokban |
| superessive | áramon | áramokon |
| adessive | áramnál | áramoknál |
| illative | áramba | áramokba |
| sublative | áramra | áramokra |
| allative | áramhoz | áramokhoz |
| elative | áramból | áramokból |
| delative | áramról | áramokról |
| ablative | áramtól | áramoktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
áramé | áramoké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
áraméi | áramokéi |
| Possessive forms of áram | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | áramom | áramaim |
| 2nd person sing. | áramod | áramaid |
| 3rd person sing. | árama | áramai |
| 1st person plural | áramunk | áramaink |
| 2nd person plural | áramotok | áramaitok |
| 3rd person plural | áramuk | áramaik |
Derived terms edit
Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions
Etymology 2 edit
ár (“price; flow, flood; awl”) + -am (possessive suffix)
Noun edit
áram
- first-person singular single-possession possessive of ár
Declension edit
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | áram | — |
| accusative | áramat | — |
| dative | áramnak | — |
| instrumental | árammal | — |
| causal-final | áramért | — |
| translative | árammá | — |
| terminative | áramig | — |
| essive-formal | áramként | — |
| essive-modal | áramul | — |
| inessive | áramban | — |
| superessive | áramon | — |
| adessive | áramnál | — |
| illative | áramba | — |
| sublative | áramra | — |
| allative | áramhoz | — |
| elative | áramból | — |
| delative | áramról | — |
| ablative | áramtól | — |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
áramé | — |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
áraméi | — |
References edit
- ^ áram in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading edit
- áram in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- áram in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Irish edit
Etymology edit
From translingual Arum (botanical name), from Latin arum, from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).
Noun edit
áram m (genitive singular áraim)
Declension edit
Declension of áram
|
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Mutation edit
| Irish mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| áram | n-áram | háram | t-áram |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “áram”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Old Irish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
By surface analysis, ad- + rím.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
áram f (genitive áirme)
- verbal noun of ad·rími
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 102d17
- tri togair inn anmae Dǽ ⁊ árim a degmaine
- through calling on the name of God and enumerating his benefits
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 102d17
- number, numeral
- certain collective quantity, amount, sum
- reckoning, computation (of time)
- grammatical number
- act of enumerating, recounting
- estimation, repute, account
- act of reckoning with
- regarding, reckoning as
Inflection edit
| Feminine ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | áramL | áraimL, áirim | áirmeaH |
| Vocative | áramL | áraimL, áirim | áirmeaH |
| Accusative | áraimN, áirim | áraimL, áirim | áirmeaH |
| Genitive | áirmeH | áramL | áramN |
| Dative | áraimL, áirim | áirmib | áirmib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Descendants edit
- Middle Irish: áirem
- ⇒ Middle Irish: comáirem
- Irish: comhaireamh
Mutation edit
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| árem | unchanged | n-árem |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “áirem”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language