χαλκός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• καυχός (Cretan)

Etymology

Uncertain. Has been compared to Old Church Slavonic желѣзнъ (želěznъ), Latin ferrum, and Hittite ḫapalki-. Perhaps related to κάλχη (kalkhē, “purple”). Ultimately, Proto-Indo-European origin seems unlikely and the word is probably a borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /kʰalkós/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /kʰalkós/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /xalkós/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /xalkós/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /xalkós/

Noun

χαλκός (genitive χαλκοῦ) m, second declension; (khalkos)

1. copper
2. (poetic) anything made of metal
3. other metals, such as bronze, brass
4. copper, cauldron, urn
5. copper money

Inflection

Second declension of χαλκός, χαλκοῦ

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	χαλκός	χαλκώ	χαλκοί
Genitive	χαλκοῦ	χαλκοῖν	χαλκῶν
Dative	χαλκῷ	χαλκοῖν	χαλκοῖς
Accusative	χαλκόν	χαλκώ	χαλκούς
Vocative	χαλκέ	χαλκώ	χαλκοί

Derived terms

• χαλκοῦ ἄνθος (khalkou anthos, “particle thrown off by copper while cooling”)

References

• LSJ
• BDAG
• Robert S. P. Beekes (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill Academic Publishers)
• Strong’s concordance number: G5475

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Greek

Noun

χαλκός (chalkós) m,   uncountable

1. (chemistry, metallurgy) copper

Declension

    declension of χαλκός

	singular (ενικός)
nominative (ονομαστική)	χαλκός
genitive (γενική)	χαλκού
accusative (αιτιατική)	χαλκό
vocative (κλητική)	χαλκέ

See also

• Appendix:Greek chemical elements
• Χαλκός on the Greek Wikipedia.el.Wikipedia