аф

Moksha edit

Likely related to апак (apak),^[1] see there for more. If so, cognate with Proto-Finnic *epä (compare Livonian äb).

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аф • (af)

negative particle; do not, does not (a particle that (in its unconjugated form) negates the verb in present, conditional and desiderative)
- O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
  английскяй и французскяй кяльхнень аф содасайне
  angľijskäj i francuzskäj käľhńeń af sodasajńe
  I don't know English and French
negative particle; no (shorthand for repeating a negated version of the previous statement)
- O. Je. Poljakov (1995) Učimsja govoritʹ po-mokšanski [Let's learn to speak Moksha], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN, page 9
  тон тонафнят? — аф, мон покан
  ton tonafńat? — af , mon pokan
  do you study? — no, I work (~ I do not study, I work)

Past II/subjunctive conjugation of аф

person	singular	person	plural
мон (mon)	афолень (afoľeń)	минь (miń)	афолеме (afoľeme)
тон (ton)	афолеть (afoľeť)	тинь (ťiń)	афоледе (afoľeďe)
сон (son)	афоль (afoľ)	синь (śiń)	афольхть (afoľhť)

Past II/subjunctive objective (1st person object) conjugation of аф

person	singular	person	plural
мон (mon)	—	минь (miń)	—
тон (ton)	афолемайть (afoľemajť)	тинь (ťiń)	афолемасть (afoľemasť)
сон (son)	афолемань (afoľemań)	синь (śiń)	афолемазь (afoľemaź)

Past II/subjunctive objective (2nd person object) conjugation of аф

person	singular	person	plural
мон (mon)	афолихтень (afoľihťeń)	минь (miń)	афоледязь (afoľeďaź)
тон (ton)	—	тинь (ťiń)	—
сон (son)	афолензе (afoľenźe)	синь (śiń)	афоледязь (afoľeďaź)

Past II/subjunctive objective (3rd person object) conjugation of аф

person	singular	person	plural
мон (mon)	афолине (afoľińe)	минь (miń)	афолеськ (afoľeśk)
тон (ton)	афолить (afoľiť)	тинь (ťiń)	афолесть (afoľesť)
сон (son)	афолезе / афолезень (afoľeźe / afoľeźeń)	синь (śiń)	афолезь (afoľeź)

аф • (af)

neither (..) nor
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
  аф тон, аф мон
  af ton, af mon
  neither you nor I

^ Veršinin, V. I. (2004) Этимологический словарь мордовских (эрзянского и мокшанского) языков [Etymological dictionary of Mordvinic (Erzya and Moksha) languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Joškar Ola, page 23

аф (af)