кал
Bulgarian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *kalъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кал • (kal) f
Declension edit
singular | |
---|---|
indefinite | кал kal |
definite | калта́ kaltá |
References edit
- “кал”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “кал”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Anagrams edit
- лак (lak)
Erzya edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Mordvinic *kalə, from Proto-Uralic *kala (“fish”). Cognates include Finnish kala, Kildin Sami кӯлль (kūll’), Eastern Mari кол (kol), Hungarian hal, Tundra Nenets халя (xalya).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кал • (kal)
- fish
- 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 21:
- I ježeli väševeľ kal, maksovoľ tenze jozne?
- Or if he asks for a fish, will give him a snake?
Declension edit
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Hyponyms edit
- сэрьге (seŕge, “roach”)
References edit
- B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “кал”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #228 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Macedonian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kalъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кал • (kal) m or f (plural калови, diminutive калца, augmentative калиште)
Declension edit
(Masculine declension)
(Feminine declension)
Derived terms edit
Moksha edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Mordvinic *kalə, from Proto-Uralic *kala. Cognate with Erzya кал (kal).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кал • (kal)
Declension edit
Declension of кал | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative (...) |
кал kal |
калхт kalht | |
genitive (of ...) |
калонь kaloń | ||
dative (to ...) |
калонди kalonďi | ||
comparative (like ...) |
калшка kalška | ||
ablative (than ...) |
калда kalda | ||
lative (into ...) |
калу kalu | ||
illative (into ...) |
калс kals | ||
inessive (in ...) |
калса kalsa | ||
elative (out of ...) |
калста kalsta | ||
prolative (through ...) |
калга kalga | ||
causative (for ...) |
калонкса kalonksa | ||
translative (becoming ...) |
калкс kalks | ||
abessive (without ...) |
калфтома kalftoma |
Definite declension of кал | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative (...) |
калсь kalś |
калне kalńe | |
genitive (of ...) |
калть kalť |
калнень kalńeń | |
dative (to ...) |
калти kalťi |
калненди kalńenďi |
Derived terms edit
- калонь кундай (kaloń kundaj)
- калонь кундама (kaloń kundama)
- калонь салай (kaloń salaj)
References edit
Russian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ, “mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage”), from Proto-Slavic *kalъ (“mud, swamp”).
Alternative forms edit
- калъ (kal) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кал • (kal) m inan (genitive ка́ла, nominative plural ка́лы, genitive plural ка́лов)
- dung, excrement, feces, poo
- Synonyms: испражне́ния (ispražnénija), наво́з (navóz), помёт (pomjót), стул (stul), экскреме́нты (ekskreménty), фека́лии (fekálii)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- ка́ловый (kálovyj)
Etymology 2 edit
Abbreviation of кало́рия (kalórija, “calorie”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кал • (kal) f inan (indeclinable)
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kalъ, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂los (“dark”), whence also Latin cālīgō (“darkness, gloom”) and Sanskrit काल (kāla, “black”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ка̑л m (Latin spelling kȃl)
Declension edit
Ukrainian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kalъ (“dirt”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
кал • (kal) m inan (genitive ка́лу, uncountable)
- excrement, feces, poo, dung
- (figuratively, vulgar) crap, junk, trash, shit
- (dated or dialectal) dirt, mud
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кал”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “кал”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “кал”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “кал”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)