топӧдны
Komi-Zyrian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Permic *tɔp- or *tɔpal-.
Cognates include Hungarian tapad, Udmurt тупаны (tupany) and Erzya тавадомс (tavadoms).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
топӧдны • (topödny)
- (transitive) to slam, to bang
- to press, to squeeze, to clutch
- to press (to), to clasp (to)
- to unite, to rally
- to oppress
- to end
- to lay siege (to), to besiege, to beset, to beleaguer
- to strengthen, to grow stronger
Declension edit
| Conjugation of топӧдны | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present tense | Future tense | |||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | |
| 1st singular | топӧда (topöda) | ог топӧд (og topöd) | топӧда (topöda) | ог топӧд (og topöd) |
| 2nd singular | топӧдан (topödan) | он топӧд (on topöd) | топӧдан (topödan) | он топӧд (on topöd) |
| 3rd singular | топӧдӧ (topödö) | оз топӧд (oz topöd) | топӧдас (topödas) | оз топӧд (oz topöd) |
| 1st plural | топӧдам (topödam) | ог топӧдӧй (og topödöj) | топӧдам (topödam) | ог топӧдӧй (og topödöj) |
| 2nd plural | топӧданныд (topödannyd) топӧдад (topödad) |
он топӧдӧй (on topödöj) | топӧданныд (topödannyd) топӧдад (topödad) |
он топӧдӧй (on topödöj) |
| 3rd plural | топӧдӧны (topödöny) | оз топӧдӧй (oz topödöj) | топӧдасны (topödasny) | оз топӧдӧй (oz topödöj) |
| Direct past tense | Reported past tense | |||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | |
| 1st singular | топӧді (topödi) | эг топӧд (eg topöd) | ||
| 2nd singular | топӧдін (topödin) | эн топӧд (en topöd) | топӧдӧмыд (topödömyd) | абу топӧдӧмыд (abu topödömyd) |
| 3rd singular | топӧдіс (topödis) | эз топӧд (ez topöd) | топӧдӧма (topödöma) | абу топӧдӧма (abu topödöma) |
| 1st plural | топӧдім (topödim) | эг топӧдӧй (eg topödöj) | ||
| 2nd plural | топӧдінныд (topödinnyd) топӧдід (topödid) |
эн топӧдӧй (en topödöj) | топӧдӧмныд (topödömnyd) | абу топӧдӧмныд (abu topödömnyd) |
| 3rd plural | топӧдісны (topödisny) | эз топӧдӧй (ez topödöj) | топӧдӧмаӧсь (topödömaöś) | абу топӧдӧмаӧсь (abu topödömaöś) |
| Imperative | ||||
| positive | negative | |||
| 2nd singular | топӧд (topöd) | эн топӧд (en topöd) | Infinitive | топӧдны (topödny) |
| 2nd plural | топӧдӧй (topödöj) | эн топӧдӧй (en topödöj) | Present participle | топӧдысь (topödyś) |
| *) The impersonal reported past is expressed using the third singular form. **) The first person imperative is expressed using the first person future form. ***) Any form ending in -ӧй has an alternative form ending in -ӧ. ****) The imperfect and perfect participles have alternative forms with a paragogic -а. |
Imperfect participle | топӧдан (topödan) | ||
| Perfect participle | топӧдӧм (topödöm) | |||
| Caritive participle | топӧдтӧм (topödtöm) | |||
| Nominal inflection of топӧдны | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Impersonal | First person | Second person | Third person | |
| Nominative | топӧдны (topödny) | топӧдным (topödnym) | топӧдныд (topödnyd) | топӧдныс (topödnys) |
| Accusative | топӧднытӧ (topödnytö) | топӧднысӧ (topödnysö) | ||
References edit
- L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN
- Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “топӧдны”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language][1] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka