بوق
Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Natively derived from the root ب و ق (b-w-q), concerning concepts related to "trumpets" or "a sudden loud blast of sound"; hence the meaning of "a sudden striking calamity" and by extension "an evil" or "wrongful conduct". Ultimately related to the root ب ق ق (b-q-q), meaning "the buzzing of insects", "to be loud or noisy", "to be obnoxiously talkative", with likely phono-semantic matching of Ancient Greek βούκινο (boúkino) or Latin būcina, borrowed itself as Classical Syriac ܒܘܩ̈ܝܢܐܣ (bwqynʾ /būqīnā/). Compare English bugle, an ox or bovid horn.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
بُوق • (būq) m (plural أَبْوَاق (ʔabwāq) or بُوقَات (būqāt))
- (music) trumpet, conch
- a. 965, Al-Mutanabbi, لَيَالِيَّ بَعْدَ الظَّاعِنِينَ شُكُولُ:
- إِذَا كَانَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ سَيْفًا لِدَوْلَةٍ // فَفِي النَّاسِ بُوقَاتٌ لَهَا وَطُبُولُ
- ʔiḏā kāna baʕḍu n-nāsi sayfan lidawlatin // fafī n-nāsi būqātun lahā waṭubūlu
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (figuratively) presenting falsities deliberately as true, lie; by comparison to embellishments and pomp, making a lot of useless noise
- (figuratively) one who does not conceal secrets, announces to all
Declension edit
Declension of noun بُوق (būq)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | بُوق būq |
الْبُوق al-būq |
بُوق būq |
| Nominative | بُوقٌ būqun |
الْبُوقُ al-būqu |
بُوقُ būqu |
| Accusative | بُوقًا būqan |
الْبُوقَ al-būqa |
بُوقَ būqa |
| Genitive | بُوقٍ būqin |
الْبُوقِ al-būqi |
بُوقِ būqi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | بُوقَيْن būqayn |
الْبُوقَيْن al-būqayn |
بُوقَيْ būqay |
| Nominative | بُوقَانِ būqāni |
الْبُوقَانِ al-būqāni |
بُوقَا būqā |
| Accusative | بُوقَيْنِ būqayni |
الْبُوقَيْنِ al-būqayni |
بُوقَيْ būqay |
| Genitive | بُوقَيْنِ būqayni |
الْبُوقَيْنِ al-būqayni |
بُوقَيْ būqay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote; sound feminine plural | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَبْوَاق; بُوقَات ʔabwāq; būqāt |
الْأَبْوَاق; الْبُوقَات al-ʔabwāq; al-būqāt |
أَبْوَاق; بُوقَات ʔabwāq; būqāt |
| Nominative | أَبْوَاقٌ; بُوقَاتٌ ʔabwāqun; būqātun |
الْأَبْوَاقُ; الْبُوقَاتُ al-ʔabwāqu; al-būqātu |
أَبْوَاقُ; بُوقَاتُ ʔabwāqu; būqātu |
| Accusative | أَبْوَاقًا; بُوقَاتٍ ʔabwāqan; būqātin |
الْأَبْوَاقَ; الْبُوقَاتِ al-ʔabwāqa; al-būqāti |
أَبْوَاقَ; بُوقَاتِ ʔabwāqa; būqāti |
| Genitive | أَبْوَاقٍ; بُوقَاتٍ ʔabwāqin; būqātin |
الْأَبْوَاقِ; الْبُوقَاتِ al-ʔabwāqi; al-būqāti |
أَبْوَاقِ; بُوقَاتِ ʔabwāqi; būqāti |
Descendants edit
- Maltese: buq (“hollow reed”)
- → Basque: alboka
- → Georgian: ბუკი (buḳi)
- → Middle Armenian: պուկ (puk)
- Armenian: բուկ (buk)
- → Ottoman Turkish: بوق (buk)
- → Persian: بوق (buq)
- → Spanish: albogue
References edit
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “بوق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[1], London: Williams & Norgate, page 276
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “بق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 233
Persian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Arabic بُوق (būq).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [buːq]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [buːɢ̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [buq]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | būq |
| Dari reading? | būq |
| Iranian reading? | buğ |
| Tajik reading? | buq |
Audio (Iran): (file)
Noun edit
| Dari | بوق |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | буқ |
بوق • (buq)
- vehicle horn; klaxon
- بوق کشتی ― buq-e kašti ― ship horn
- (archaic, original sense) trumpet; conch
- c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels][3]:
- هر شب هزار مرد پاسبان این قصر باشند پانصد سوار و پانصد پیاده که از نماز شام بوق و دهل و کاسه می‌زنند و گردش می‌گردند تا روز.
- har šab hazār mard pāsbān-i īn qasr bāšand pānsad sawār u pānsad pīyāda ki az namāz-i šām būq u duhul u kāsa mē-zanand u gird-aš mē-girdand tā rōz.
- Every night, a thousand men stand guard in this castle, five hundred mounted and five hundred on foot. From the evening prayers on, they blow trumpets and beat drums and cymbals, and go around [the castle] until daybreak.