Arabic

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Etymology 1

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Root
ق د م (q d m)
14 terms

From Proto-Semitic *q-d-m (to precede, come before). Compare Hebrew קדם and Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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قَدَمَ (qadama) I (non-past يَقْدُمُ (yaqdumu), verbal noun قَدْم (qadm) or قُدُوم (qudūm))

  1. (transitive) to precede
Conjugation
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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قَدِمَ (qadima) I (non-past يَقْدَمُ (yaqdamu), verbal noun قُدُوم (qudūm) or قِدْمَان (qidmān) or مَقْدَم (maqdam))

  1. to return from a journey
  2. (transitive) to come to, arrive at, to reach
  3. to step up to (عَلَى (ʕalā) something)
Conjugation
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References
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Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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قَدُمَ (qaduma) I (non-past يَقْدُمُ (yaqdumu), verbal noun قِدَم (qidam))

  1. to be old, to be ancient
Conjugation
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Etymology 4

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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قَدَّمَ (qaddama) II (non-past يُقَدِّمُ (yuqaddimu), verbal noun تَقْدِيم (taqdīm))

  1. to introduce (someone to someone else)
  2. to let precede, to make precede, to send ahead, to dispatch
  3. to set forth beforehand, to place at the front, to place at the head
  4. to do earlier, to do beforehand
  5. to give precedence, to prefer
  6. to appoint as guardian
  7. to prepare, to get ready, to make ready
  8. to provide, to set aside, to earmark, to make provision
  9. to offer, to proffer, to tender
  10. to extend
  11. to present, to produce, to exhibit, to display
  12. to hand over, to deliver, to give, to hand over, to grant
    يقدِّم لنا يهوه في الكتاب المقدس إرشادات أخلاقية توجِّهنا حين نأخذ قرارات مهمة في حياتنا.
    In the Bible, God gives us moral guidance to guide us as we make important decisions in our lives.
  13. to submit, to refer, to lay before, to offer up
  14. to dedicate
Conjugation
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Etymology 5

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /qa.dam/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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قَدَم (qadamf (dual قَدَمَانِ (qadamāni), plural أَقْدَام (ʔaqdām))

  1. foot
  2. foot (a measure)
  3. step
Declension
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 6

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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قَدْم (qadmm

  1. verbal noun of قَدَمَ (qadama) (form I)
Declension
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Etymology 7

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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قِدَم (qidamm

  1. verbal noun of قَدُمَ (qaduma) (form I)
Declension
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Etymology 8

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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قِدْم (qidm)

  1. time long past, old times

Etymology 9

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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قُدُم (qudum)

  1. straight ahead, forward

References

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  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “قدم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Baluchi

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Etymology

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From Arabic قَدَم (qadam).

Noun

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قدم (qadam)

  1. step

See also

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Hijazi Arabic

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Root
ق د م
3 terms

Etymology 1

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From Arabic قَدُمَ (qaduma).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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قدم (gidim) I (non-past يِقْدَم (yigdam))

  1. to be old, to be ancient
Conjugation
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    Conjugation of قدم (gidim)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قدمت (gidimt) قدمت (gidimt) قدم (gidim) قدمنا (gidimna) قدمتوا (gidimtu) قدموا (gidmu)
f قدمتي (gidimti) قدمت (gidmat)
non-past m أقدم (ʔagdam) تقدم (tigdam) يقدم (yigdam) نقدم (nigdam) تقدموا (tigdamu) يقدموا (yigdamu)
f تقدمي (tigdami) تقدم (tigdam)
imperative m اقدم (agdam) اقدموا (agdamu)
f اقدمي (agdami)

Etymology 2

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From Arabic قَدَّمَ (qaddama).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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قدم (gaddam) II (non-past يِقَدِّم (yigaddim))

  1. to introduce (someone to someone else)
  2. to set forth beforehand, to place at the front, to place at the head
  3. to do earlier, to do beforehand
  4. to give precedence, to prefer
  5. to provide
  6. to offer, to proffer, to tender, to extend
  7. to present, to produce, to exhibit, to display
  8. to give, to hand over, to grant
  9. to submit
Conjugation
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    Conjugation of قدم (gaddam)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قدمت (gaddamt) قدمت (gaddamt) قدم (gaddam) قدمنا (gaddamna) قدمتوا (gaddamtu) قدموا (gaddamu)
f قدمتي (gaddamti) قدمت (gaddamat)
non-past m أقدم (ʔagaddim) تقدم (tigaddim) يقدم (yigaddim) نقدم (nigaddim) تقدموا (tigaddimu) يقدموا (yigaddimu)
f تقدمي (tigaddimi) تقدم (tigaddim)
imperative m قدم (gaddim) قدموا (gaddimu)
f قدمي (gaddimi)

Etymology 3

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From Arabic قِدَم (qidam).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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قدم (gudumm (construct state قُدْم (gudm))

  1. old

Persian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic قَدَم (qadam).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? qaḏam
Dari reading? qadam
Iranian reading? ğadam
Tajik reading? qadam

Noun

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Dari قدم
Iranian Persian
Tajik қадам

قدم (qadam) (plural اقدام (aqdâm))

  1. step
    Synonym: گام (gâm)
    اولین قدمavvalin qadamthe first step
    یک قدم پیش یک قدم پس (Dari)
    yak qadam pēš yak qadam pas
    one step forward, one step back
    • c. 1060, Alī Hujwīrī, کشف المحجوب [Kashf al-Maḥjūb]‎[2]:
      وی به حکم تواجد قدمی چند بر زمین زد. چون نگاه کردم، آن اقدام وی، چون به موم، به سنگ فرو می‌رفت. آنگاه بی هوش بیفتاد. چون به هوش آمد مرا گفت: «اندر روضهٔ بهشت بودم. تو ندیدی.»
      way ba hukm-i tawājud qadamē čand bar zamīn zad. čūn nigāh kardam, ān aqdām-i way čūn ba mōm⁠, ba sang furō mē-raft. āngāh bē hōš biyuftād. čūn ba hōš āmad ma-rā guft: "andar rawza-yi bihišt būdam. tu na-dīdī."
      In a state of rapture, he stepped a few times on the ground. When I looked, his steps were sinking into the rock as if it were wax. Then he fell unconscious. When he recovered his senses, he told me: "I was in the garden of paradise. You did not see."
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  2. foot
    Synonym: پا ()
    • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 216”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎[3]:
      آن یار کز او خانه ما جای پری بود
      سر تا قدمش چون پری از عیب بری بود
      ān yār k-az ō xāna-yi mā jā-yi parī būd
      sar tā qadam-aš čūn parī az ayb barī būd
      The beloved thanks to whom my house was the place of nymphs:
      From head to foot, she is—like the nymphs—unsullied by fault.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  3. pace (in walking, also music)
    قدم آهستهqadam-e âhesteslow pace
  4. (figurative) the luck of someone upon arrival at a place

Derived terms

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Further reading

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South Levantine Arabic

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Root
ق د م
4 terms

Etymology 1

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From Arabic قَدَّمَ (qaddama).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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قدّم (ʔaddam) II (present بقدّم (biʔaddem))

  1. to advance, to move forward
  2. to present, to offer, to provide
  3. to apply, to submit
    Synonym: سلّم (sallam)
Conjugation
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    Conjugation of قدّم (ʔaddam)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قدّمت (ʔaddamt) قدّمت (ʔaddamt) قدّم (ʔaddam) قدّمنا (ʔaddamna) قدّمتو (ʔaddamtu) قدّمو (ʔaddamu)
f قدّمتي (ʔaddamti) قدّمت (ʔaddamat)
present m بقدّم (baʔaddem) بتقدّم (bitʔaddem) بقدّم (biʔaddem) منقدّم (minʔaddem) بتقدّمو (bitʔaddmu) بقدّمو (biʔaddmu)
f بتقدّمي (bitʔaddmi) بتقدّم (bitʔaddem)
subjunctive m اقدّم (aʔaddem) تقدّم (tʔaddem) يقدّم (yʔaddem) نقدّم (nʔaddem) تقدّمو (tʔaddmu) يقدّمو (yʔaddmu)
f تقدّمي (tʔaddmi) تقدّم (tʔaddem)
imperative m قدّم (ʔaddem) قدّمو (ʔaddmu)
f قدّمي (ʔaddmi)

Etymology 2

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Learned borrowing from Arabic قَدَم (qadam).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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قدم (qadamm (plural أقدام (ʔaqdām))

  1. (formal) foot
    Synonyms: إجر (ʔijr), رجل (rijl)

Urdu

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Classical Persian قدم (qadam), from Arabic قَدَم (qadam).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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قَدَم (qadamm (formal plural اِقْدام (iqdām), Hindi spelling क़दम)

  1. footstep, step
Declension
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Declension of قدم
singular plural
direct قَدَم (qadam) قَدَم (qadam)
oblique قَدَم (qadam) قَدَموں (qadamō̃)
vocative قَدَم (qadam) قَدَمو (qadamō)

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Classical Persian قدم (qidam), from Arabic قِدَم (qidam).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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قِدَم (qidamm (Hindi spelling क़िदम)

  1. antiquity, ancientness, preceding (in point of time)
  2. antiquity, oldness, ancientness
  3. perpetuity, permanence
Declension
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Declension of قدم
singular plural
direct قِدَم (qidam) قِدَم (qidam)
oblique قِدَم (qidam) قِدَموں (qidamō̃)
vocative قِدَم (qidam) قِدَمو (qidamō)

Further reading

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  • قدم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • قدم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “قدم”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “قدم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Ushojo

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Etymology

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From Urdu قدم (qadam).

Noun

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قدم (qadam)

  1. step, steps