Wiktionary

कारण

See also: करुणा, करण, कर्ण, करणे, and कुराण

Hindi edit

 
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Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit कारण (kāraṇa, “cause”).

Pronunciation edit

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /kɑː.ɾəɳ/, [käː.ɾɐ̃ɳ]

Noun edit

कारण • (kāraṇ) m (Urdu spelling کارَن)

  1. cause
    यह सब आपके कारण हुआ। ― yah sab āpke kāraṇ huā. ― All this happened because of you.
  2. reason
    इस पर विश्‍वास करने का कोई कारण नहीं है।
    is par viś‍vās karne kā koī kāraṇ nahī̃ hai.
    There is no reason to believe this.

Declension edit

Declension of कारण (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct कारण
kāraṇ 		कारण
kāraṇ
oblique कारण
kāraṇ 		कारणों
kāraṇõ
vocative कारण
kāraṇ 		कारणो
kāraṇo

Synonyms edit

Further reading edit

Marathi edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘎𑘰𑘨𑘜 (kāraṇa, “cause”). Cognate with Gujarati કારણ (kāraṇ), Konkani कारण (kāraṇ), Hindi कारण (kāraṇ).

Pronunciation edit

Conjunction edit

कारण • (kāraṇ)

  1. because

Noun edit

कारण • (kāraṇ) n

  1. cause, reason
  2. excuse
    Synonym: सबब (sabab)

Declension edit

Declension of कारण (neut cons-stem)
direct
singular 		कारण
kāraṇ
direct
plural 		कारणे, कारणं
kāraṇe, kārṇa
singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा 		कारण
kāraṇ 		कारणे, कारणं
kāraṇe, kārṇa
oblique
सामान्यरूप 		कारणा
kāraṇā 		कारणां-
kāraṇān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी 		कारणाला
kāraṇālā 		कारणांना
kāraṇānnā
ergative कारणाने, कारणानं
kāraṇāne, kāraṇāna 		कारणांनी
kāraṇānnī
instrumental कारणाशी
kāraṇāśī 		कारणांशी
kāraṇānśī
locative
सप्तमी 		कारणात
kāraṇāt 		कारणांत
kāraṇāt
vocative
संबोधन 		कारणा
kāraṇā 		कारणांनो
kāraṇānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of कारण (neut cons-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म 		feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म 		neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म 		oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन 		singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन 		singular*
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता 		कारणाचा
kāraṇāċā 		कारणाचे
kāraṇāċe 		कारणाची
kāraṇācī 		कारणाच्या
kāraṇācā 		कारणाचे, कारणाचं
kāraṇāċe, kāraṇāċa 		कारणाची
kāraṇācī 		कारणाच्या
kāraṇācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता 		कारणांचा
kāraṇānċā 		कारणांचे
kāraṇānċe 		कारणांची
kāraṇāñcī 		कारणांच्या
kāraṇāncā 		कारणांचे, कारणांचं
kāraṇānċe, kāraṇānċa 		कारणांची
kāraṇāñcī 		कारणांच्या
kāraṇāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Further reading edit

  • Berntsen, Maxine, “कारण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “कारण”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Old Marathi edit

Noun edit

कारण (kāraṇa) n

  1. Devanagari script form of 𑘎𑘰𑘨𑘜

Pali edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative forms

Noun edit

कारण n

  1. Devanagari script form of kāraṇa

Declension edit

Declension table of "कारण" (neuter)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)कारणं (kāraṇaṃ)कारणानि (kāraṇāni)
Accusative (second)कारणं (kāraṇaṃ)कारणानि (kāraṇāni)
Instrumental (third)कारणेन (kāraṇena)कारणेहि (kāraṇehi) or कारणेभि (kāraṇebhi)
Dative (fourth)कारणस्स (kāraṇassa) or कारणाय (kāraṇāya) or कारणत्थं (kāraṇatthaṃ)कारणानं (kāraṇānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)कारणस्मा (kāraṇasmā) or कारणम्हा (kāraṇamhā) or कारणा (kāraṇā)कारणेहि (kāraṇehi) or कारणेभि (kāraṇebhi)
Genitive (sixth)कारणस्स (kāraṇassa)कारणानं (kāraṇānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)कारणस्मिं (kāraṇasmiṃ) or कारणम्हि (kāraṇamhi) or कारणे (kāraṇe)कारणेसु (kāraṇesu)
Vocative (calling)कारण (kāraṇa)कारणानि (kāraṇāni)

Prakrit edit

Noun edit

कारण (kāraṇa) n

  1. Devanagari script form of 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative scripts

Etymology edit

Vṛddhi derivative of करण (káraṇa), from the root कृ (kṛ).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

कारण • (kāraṇa) stem, n

  1. cause, reason, factor
    • c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā 13.22:
      पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थो हि भुङ्क्ते प्रकृतिजान्गुणान्। कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु॥
      puruṣaḥ prakṛtistho hi bhuṅkte prakṛtijānguṇān. kāraṇaṃ guṇasaṅgoʼsya sadasadyonijanmasu.
      The living entity in material nature thus follows the ways of life, enjoying the three modes of nature. Its association with that material nature is the cause for this. Thus he meets with good and evil among various species.
    • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 11.18.6:
      स्वयं सञ्चिनुयात् सर्वमात्मनो वृत्तिकारणम्। देशकालबलाभिज्ञो नाददीतान्यदाहृतम्॥
      svayaṃ sañcinuyāt sarvamātmano vṛttikāraṇam. deśakālabalābhijño nādadītānyadāhṛtam.
      [A Vānaprastha] should personally collect whatever he requires for his bodily maintenance [lit. cause of his own sustenance], carefully considering the time, place and his own capacity. He should never collect provisions for the future.
    • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 11.18.45:
      भक्त्योद्धवानपायिन्या सर्वलोकमहेश्वरम्। सर्वोत्पत्त्यप्ययं ब्रह्म कारणं मोपयाति सः॥
      bhaktyoddhavānapāyinyā sarvalokamaheśvaram. sarvotpattyapyayaṃ brahma kāraṇaṃ mopayāti saḥ.
      My dear Uddhava, I am the Supreme Lord of all worlds, and I create and destroy this universe, being its ultimate cause. I am thus the absolute truth, the cause [of the universe] and one who worships me with unfailing devotional service comes to me.
    • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 3.17.1:
      मैत्रेय उवाच
      निशम्यात्मभुवा गीतं कारणं शङ्कयोज्झिताः। ततः सर्वे न्यवर्तन्त त्रिदिवाय दिवौकसः॥
      maitreya uvāca
      niśamyātmabhuvā gītaṃ kāraṇaṃ śaṅkayojjhitāḥ. tataḥ sarve nyavartanta tridivāya divaukasaḥ.
      Śrī Maitreya said: The demigods, the inhabitants of the higher planets, were freed from all fear upon hearing the cause of the darkness explained by Brahmā, who was born from Viṣṇu. Thus they all returned to their respective planets.
  2. instrument, means
    • c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā 6.3:
      आरुरुक्षोर्मुनेर्योगं कर्म कारणम्उच्यते। योगारूढस्यतस्यैव शमः कारणम्उच्यते॥
      ārurukṣormuneryogaṃ karma kāraṇamucyate. yogārūḍhasyatasyaiva śamaḥ kāraṇamucyate.
      For one who is a neophyte in the eightfold yoga system, work is said to be the means; and for one who is already elevated in yoga, cessation of all material activities is said to be the means.
  3. motive, origin, principle
  4. an element, elementary matter
  5. the origin or plot of a play or poem
  6. that on which an opinion or judgement is founded (a sign, mark, a proof, a legal instrument, document)
  7. an organ of sense
  8. an action
  9. agency, instrumentality, condition
  10. "the cause of being", a father
  11. "cause of creation", a deity
  12. the body
  13. a kind of musical instrument
  14. a sort of song
  15. a number of scribes or kāyasthas
  16. killing, injury

Declension edit

Neuter a-stem declension of कारण (kāraṇa)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative कारणम्
kāraṇam 		कारणे
kāraṇe 		कारणानि / कारणा¹
kāraṇāni / kāraṇā¹
Vocative कारण
kāraṇa 		कारणे
kāraṇe 		कारणानि / कारणा¹
kāraṇāni / kāraṇā¹
Accusative कारणम्
kāraṇam 		कारणे
kāraṇe 		कारणानि / कारणा¹
kāraṇāni / kāraṇā¹
Instrumental कारणेन
kāraṇena 		कारणाभ्याम्
kāraṇābhyām 		कारणैः / कारणेभिः¹
kāraṇaiḥ / kāraṇebhiḥ¹
Dative कारणाय
kāraṇāya 		कारणाभ्याम्
kāraṇābhyām 		कारणेभ्यः
kāraṇebhyaḥ
Ablative कारणात्
kāraṇāt 		कारणाभ्याम्
kāraṇābhyām 		कारणेभ्यः
kāraṇebhyaḥ
Genitive कारणस्य
kāraṇasya 		कारणयोः
kāraṇayoḥ 		कारणानाम्
kāraṇānām
Locative कारणे
kāraṇe 		कारणयोः
kāraṇayoḥ 		कारणेषु
kāraṇeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

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