Egyptian
edit
Etymology 1
edit
ḥr (“upon, atop”) + -t (feminine nisba ending), thus ‘(the one) being atop’. Some early writings of the sense ‘sky’ use determinatives that perhaps instead suggest a connection with the verb ḥrj (“to be distant”).
Pronunciation
edit
Adjective
edit
f
- feminine singular of ḥrj
Inflection
edit
Declension of
ḥrt (
nisba adjective)
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
singular
|
ḥrj
|
ḥrt
|
dual
|
ḥrjwj, ḥrwj
|
ḥrtj
|
plural
|
ḥrjw, ḥrw
|
ḥrwt1, ḥrt2
|
- Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
- From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.
|
Derived terms
edit
f
- sky [since the Pyramid Texts]
- Synonyms: pt, nwt
- sky as the dwelling-place of gods and the dead king
- (figuratively, with following genitive) temple, earthly dwelling-place (of a god) [Greco-Roman Period]
- temple roof [Greco-Roman Period]
- upper side, upper surface [Medical papyri]
Usage notes
edit
In the Late Period this word is often found in the dual with unchanged meaning.
Inflection
edit
Declension of ḥrt (feminine)
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥrt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrj
|
ḥrj
|
[Old Kingdom]
|
[Old Kingdom]
|
[Old Kingdom]
|
[since the Middle Kingdom]
|
[since the Middle Kingdom]
|
[since the end of the New Kingdom]
|
[since the end of the New Kingdom]
|
Derived terms
edit
f
- (female) supervisor, boss (+ genitive: of (wet nurses, harem women, a household, etc.)) [since the Middle Kingdom]
- epithet for the queen [18th Dynasty]
- epithet for the goddess Isis [Greco-Roman Period]
Inflection
edit
Declension of ḥrt (feminine)
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
[since the Middle Kingdom]
|
Derived terms
edit
f
- inundation of the Nile [Greco-Roman Period]
- water in general [Greco-Roman Period]
Inflection
edit
Declension of ḥrt (feminine)
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥrt
Etymology 2
edit
Pronunciation
edit
f
- rock-cut tomb [since the Middle Kingdom]
- Synonyms: jz, ḥꜣt, mꜥḥꜥt
- particularly, one of the rock-cut royal tombs of the New Kingdom, such as those at the Valley of the Kings [since the New Kingdom]
- necropolis (of a particular city) [since the Middle Kingdom]
- afterworld, realm of the dead [Theban royal tombs]
Inflection
edit
Declension of ḥrt (feminine)
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥrt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrtt
|
ḥrtt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrj
|
|
[New Kingdom]
|
[New Kingdom]
|
[19th Dynasty]
|
[Late Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
Etymology 3
edit
ḥr (“Horus”) + -t (feminine suffix).
Pronunciation
edit
Proper noun
edit
f
- female Horus, Horus-goddess, Horet
- epithet for Isis or Hathor
- conventional term introducing the serekh name of female pharaohs
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥrt
|
|
|
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
|
|
as a term introducing the serekh name
|
as a term introducing the serekh name
|
Derived terms
edit
Etymology 4
edit
Pronunciation
edit
f
- (rare) road, path, specifically one by land as opposed to water [since the Pyramid Texts]
Inflection
edit
Declension of ḥrt (feminine)
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥrt
|
|
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrt
|
ḥrj
|
[Old Kingdom]
|
[Old Kingdom]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
Descendants
edit
Traditionally linked as a descendant, but rejected as such by Černý:
- >? Coptic: ϩⲓⲏ (hiē), (plural) ϩⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ (hiooue)
References
edit
- “ḥr.t (lemma ID 107670)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “ḥr.t (lemma ID 107680)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[2], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “ḥr.t (lemma ID 107630)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[3], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “ḥr.jt (lemma ID 108380)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[4], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “ḥr.t (lemma ID 107650)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[5], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “ḥr.t (lemma ID 107640)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[6], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “Ḥr.wt (lemma ID 107610)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[7], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “ḥr.t (lemma ID 107660)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[8], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[9], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 124.10–125.3, 142.3–142.7, 143.9–143.10, 143.13–143.19, 144.2–144.6, 144.8–144.18
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 175
- Leitz, Christian, Budde, Dagmar, Dils, Peter, Goldbrunner, Lothar, Mendel, Daniela (2002) Christian Leitz, editor, Lexikon der ägyptischen Götter und Götterbezeichnungen, volumes 5: ḥ–ḫ, Leuven: Peeters, pages 297–298
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 35.