Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
さん
Grade: 4
じょう
Grade: 1
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
參上 (kyūjitai)

Etymology edit

Appears to be a Japanese coinage of Chinese-derived components, as a compound of (san, to come, to go, humble connotations) +‎ (, up, upwards, in reference to the relatively higher social standing of the other party to which one is going).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

(さん)(じょう) (sanjōさんじやう (sanzyau)?

  1. (humble) visit

Verb edit

(さん)(じょう)する (sanjō suruさんじやう (sanzyau)?suru (stem (さん)(じょう) (sanjō shi), past (さん)(じょう)した (sanjō shita))

  1. (humble) to go to or visit someone of higher social standing
    • 火野葦平, 『人魚』
      (じつ)はじきじきに参上(さんじょう)して(はな)(もう)しあげるとよいのですが、あの日以来(ひいらい)(どの()なのか、それはあとでお(はな)ししますが)頭痛(ずつう)がして()きられませんので、手紙(てがみ)失礼(しつれい)いたします。
      Jitsu wa jikijiki ni sanjō shite o-hanashi mōshiageru to yoi no desu ga, ano hi irai (dono hi na no ka, sore wa ato de o-hanashi shimasu ga) zutsū ga shite okiraremasen no de, tegami de shitsurei itashimasu.
      Although it would be better if I visited and talked to you directly, since that one day (which day, I shall tell you later) my headache will not stop and I cannot get out of bed, so please accept this letter.

Usage notes edit

This term has an inherent sense of visiting someone of higher social standing. It can be used to express humility about oneself, even when visiting someone of equal or lesser social standing.[3]

Conjugation edit

Synonyms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN