形而上

Chinese edit

		to appear; to look; form to appear; to look; form; shape	and; as well as; but (not) and; as well as; but (not); yet (not); (shows causal relation); (shows change of state); (shows contrast)	up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up
simp. and trad. (形而上)		形	而	上

Etymology edit

From the phrase 形而上者谓之道，形而下者谓之器 (“ways are on the upper end of imagery (beyond a physical image), objects are on the lower end of imagery”) in the I Ching.

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xíng'érshàng

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄦˊ ㄕㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jing⁴ ji⁴ soeng⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xíng'érshàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄦˊ ㄕㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: síng-érshàng
  - Wade–Giles: hsing²-êrh²-shang⁴
  - Yale: syíng-ér-shàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyngerlshanq
  - Palladius: синъэршан (sinʺeršan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jing⁴ ji⁴ soeng⁶
  - Yale: yìhng yìh seuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁴ ji⁴ soeng⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ying⁴ yi⁴ sêng⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²¹ jiː²¹ sœːŋ²²/

Noun edit

形而上

(philosophy) abstract or intangible things

Synonyms edit

形上 (xíngshàng)

Antonyms edit

形而下 (xíng'érxià)

Derived terms edit

形而上學／形而上学 (xíng'érshàngxué)
形而上語言／形而上语言 (xíng'érshàng yǔyán)

Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
形	而	上
けい Grade: 2	じ Jinmeiyō	じょう Grade: 1
kan’on		goon

Etymology edit

Coined by Japanese philosopher Inoue Tetsujirō in 1881 in his work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) as a translation of English abstract, based on the phrase 形而上者謂之道 in the Book of Changes (《易經》).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) けーじじょー [kèéjíjóó] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[5]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ke̞ːʑiʑo̞ː]

Noun edit

形(けい)而(じ)上(じょう) • (keijijō) ^{←けいじじやう (keizizyau)^?}

(philosophy) abstract or intangible things
Antonym: 形而下 (keijika)

Derived terms edit

References edit

^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ “形而上”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
^ Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881) 哲学字彙‎^[2], University of Tokyo, page 1
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja in this term
形	而	上

Noun edit

形而上 • (hyeong'isang) (hangeul 형이상)

Hanja form^? of 형이상.

[1] Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[3] “形而上”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

[4] Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881) 哲学字彙‎^[2], University of Tokyo, page 1

[SMK5-5] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]