百足
Chinese edit
hundred | foot; to be sufficient | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (百足) |
百 | 足 | |
alternative forms | 百縮/百缩 dialectal Cantonese 百宿 dialectal Cantonese 百叔 dialectal Cantonese |
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
百足
- (literary or Cantonese, Pinghua, dialectal Hakka) centipede (Classifier: 條/条 c)
- (literary) millipede; diplopod
Synonyms edit
- (millipede):
Derived terms edit
Japanese edit
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term | |
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百 | 足 |
むかで | |
Grade: 1 | Grade: 1 |
jukujikun |
Alternative spellings |
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蜈蚣 蜈蜙 蝍蛆 |
From Old Japanese, of unknown derivation; some theories include:
- a compound of 向かい (mukai, “facing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 向かう (mukau, “to face”)) + 手 (te, “hand”), as the centipede's feet come in facing pairs
- a compound of 六 (mu, “six”) + 十 (ka, “ten”, unusual reading; compare the ga in 五十嵐 (igarashi)) + 手 (te, “hand”), literally "sixty hands"; centipedes have more or less than one hundred legs
- starting as a compound of 百 (momo, “hundred”) + が (ga, ancient possessive particle) + 手 (te, “hand”), shifting phonetically: /momo ɡa te/ → /mukade/
While the latter two theories seem plausible semantically, the devoicing of ga to ka is quite unusual.
The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 百足 (bǎizú).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
百足 or 百足 • (mukade) (standard)
(alternative reading hiragana むかぜ, rōmaji mukaze) (Kagoshima dialect)
Usage notes edit
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ムカデ.
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
百 | 足 |
ひゃく Grade: 1 |
そく Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 百足 (MC paek tsjowk).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Usage notes edit
The mukade reading is much more common.
See also edit
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Further reading edit
- Etymology at Gogen-Allguide (in Japanese)
- Etymology at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)
Miyako edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
百 | 足 |
Grade: 1 | Grade: 1 |
Alternative spelling |
---|
蜈蚣 |
Noun edit
百足 (nkaji)
Oki-No-Erabu edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
百 | 足 |
Grade: 1 | Grade: 1 |
Alternative spelling |
---|
蜈蚣 |
Noun edit
百足 (mukaji)
Toku-No-Shima edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
百 | 足 |
Grade: 1 | Grade: 1 |
Alternative spelling |
---|
蜈蚣 |
Noun edit
百足 (nukade)