| to cry (of birds) | turtle-dove; Turtur orientalis | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (鳴鳩) | 鳴 | 鳩 | |
| simp. (鸣鸠) | 鸣 | 鸠 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 鳴 | 鳩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (111) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 武兵切 | 居求切 |
| Baxter | mjaeng | kjuw |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/mˠiæŋ/ | /kɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/mᵚiaŋ/ | /kiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/miaŋ/ | /kiəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/miajŋ/ | /kuw/ |
| Li Rong |
/miɐŋ/ | /kiu/ |
| Wang Li |
/mĭɐŋ/ | /kĭəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/mi̯ɐŋ/ | /ki̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
míng | jiū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
ming4 | gau1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 鳴 | 鳩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
míng | jiū |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ mjæng › | ‹ kjuw › |
| Old Chinese |
/*m.reŋ/ | /*[k](r)u/ |
| English | cry (of birds or animals) | (a kind of bird) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 鳴 | 鳩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 9216 | 6939 |
| Phonetic component |
鳴 | 九 |
| Rime group |
耕 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
明 | 鳩 |
| Old Chinese |
/*mreŋ/ | /*ku/ |
鳴鳩