麻布

Chinese edit

		(to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp (to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp; numb; to bother	to declare; to announce; to spread to declare; to announce; to spread; to make known; spread; (cotton) cloth
trad. (麻布)		麻	布
simp. ^#(麻布)		麻	布

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mábù

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): maa⁴ bou³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mà-pu

(Meixian, Guangdong): ma² bu⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): môa-pò͘

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): mua⁵ beu³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mábù
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mábù
  - Wade–Giles: ma²-pu⁴
  - Yale: má-bù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mabuh
  - Palladius: мабу (mabu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä³⁵ pu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: maa⁴ bou³
  - Yale: màh bou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maa⁴ bou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ma⁴ bou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maː²¹ pou̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mà-pu
  - Hakka Romanization System: maˇ bu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ma² bu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ma¹¹ pu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ma² bu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ma¹¹ pu⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: môa-pò͘
  - Tâi-lô: muâ-pòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: moa'pox
  - IPA (Xiamen): /muã²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /muã²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /muã¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /muã²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /muã²³⁻³³ pɔ²¹/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: mua⁵ beu³
  - Sinological IPA: /mua²² pɛu²¹/

Noun edit

麻布

linen cloth; hemp cloth

Derived terms edit

粗麻布 (cūmábù)
麻布袋 (mábùdài)

Japanese edit

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

麻織物 (Hemp textiles)

Wikipedia ^ja

麻布 (asanuno, asafu, mafu): an example of hempen cloth from southern China.

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Hemp

Wikipedia

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
麻	布
あさ Grade: S	ぬの Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Compound of Old Japanese elements 麻 (asa, “hemp, ramie”) +‎ 布 (nuno, “woven cloth other than silk”).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) あさぬの [àsánúnó] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [a̠sa̠nɯ̟ᵝno̞]

Noun edit

麻(あさ)布(ぬの) • (asanuno)

cloth woven of hemp or ramie, similar to linen

Usage notes edit

This appears to be the most common term for hempen cloth.

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
麻	布
あさ Grade: S	ふ Grade: 5
yutōyomi

Compound of 麻 (asa, “hemp, ramie”) +‎ 布 (fu, “woven cloth”).^[1] This uses the on'yomi of fu for 布, deriving from Middle Chinese 布 (pu^H); compare modern Mandarin reading bù.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [a̠sa̠ɸɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun edit

麻(あさ)布(ふ) • (asafu)

(obsolete) cloth woven of hemp or ramie, similar to linen

Usage notes edit

This term appears to be used in modern Japanese. It is not included in the Shinmeikai monolingual Japanese dictionary,^[3] nor in the Daijirin monolingual Japanese dictionary.^[2]

Etymology 3 edit

Kanji in this term
麻	布
あざ Grade: S	ぶ Grade: 5
irregular

Most likely a compound of Old Japanese elements 麻 (asa, “hemp, ramie”) +‎ 生 (fu, “place where things grow”), given that the Azabu area was known in ancient times as a place for growing hemp or ramie.^[1]

This fu element also appears in terms such as 粟生 (awafu, “a field for growing millet”)^[1]^[2] and 豆生, 豆田 (mamefu, “a field for growing beans”).^[1] The use of 布 to spell the fu portion would be an example of ateji, probably influenced by the way that hemp is used to make cloth (布).

The reasons for the shift in pronunciation from asafu to azabu remain unclear.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [a̠za̠bɯ̟ᵝ]

Proper noun edit

麻(あざ)布(ぶ) • (Azabu)

Azabu, an area in Minato ward, Tokyo

Adjective edit

麻(あざ)布(ぶ) • (azabu) -na (adnominal 麻(あざ)布(ぶ)な (azabu na), adverbial 麻(あざ)布(ぶ)に (azabu ni))

(dated) of unknown intent
This usage developed from the idiom. See Idioms below for details.
- 何事も麻布にて、様々どうらくをなし給ふ^[4]
  なにごともあざぶにて、さまざまどうらくをなしたまふ
  
  Nanigoto mo azabu ni te, samazama dōraku o nashitamau...
  Everything of [his] real intentions is unknown, and [he] amuses himself with various diversions...

Idioms edit

麻布(あざぶ)で気(き)が知(し)れぬ (azabu de ki ga shirenu): “you can't figure out the feeling [intent] in Azabu” → based on a pun on the phrase “you can't figure out [identify] the trees in Azabu”, substituting 気 (ki, “sense, intent, feeling”) for 木 (ki, “tree”), appearing in print in 1763. This derives from the way that the Azabu area includes the Roppongi neighborhood. Although Roppongi is spelled as 六本木 (“six trees”), there have not been any trees in the area that would match this description for quite some time.^[1]^[2]

Etymology 4 edit

Kanji in this term
麻	布
ま Grade: S	ふ Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 麻布 (mæ pu^H). Compare modern Mandarin reading mábù.

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) まふ [máꜜfù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ma̠ɸɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun edit

麻(ま)布(ふ) • (mafu)

(rare) cloth woven of hemp or ramie, similar to linen

Usage notes edit

This term appears to be less commonly used. It is not included in the Shinmeikai monolingual Japanese dictionary.^[3]

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ 1763: Hiraga Gennai, Nenashigusa (a dangibon)

[KDJ-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[4] 1763: Hiraga Gennai, Nenashigusa (a dangibon)

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