ش
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Arabic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Semitic *šinn- (“tooth”), the source of سن (sinn). The association of "tooth" with this letter was the result of folk etymology and based on the corresponding Phoenician letter, 𐤔 (š), having a shape resembling a tooth. The letter originally depicted a composite bow, which usually has the tips curving away from the archer when unstrung.[1][2]
Related to Classical Syriac ܫ, Hebrew ש, Phoenician 𐤔 (š), Aramaic ܫ. More at Shin.
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش / ش / ش / ش • (šīn)
Symbol edit
ش / ش / ش / ش • (šīn)
- The twenty-first letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by ر (r) and followed by ت (t).
See also edit
- (Arabic script letters) ا (ʔalif), ب (bāʔ), ت (tāʔ), ث (ṯāʔ), ج (jīm), ح (ḥāʔ), خ (ḵāʔ), د (dāl), ذ (ḏāl), ر (rāʔ), ز (zāy), س (sīn), ش (šīn), ص (ṣād), ض (ḍād), ط (ṭāʔ), ظ (ẓāʔ), ع (ʕayn), غ (ḡayn), ف (fāʔ), ق (qāf), ك (kāf), ل (lām), م (mīm), ن (nūn), ه (hāʔ), و (wāw), ي (yāʔ)
- Wikipedia article on the Arabic alphabet
- Search for entries beginning with ش
References edit
- ^ “shin”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- ^ Albright, W. F. (1948). "The Early Alphabetic Inscriptions from Sinai and their Decipherment". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 110 (110): 6–22 [p. 15].
Balti edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش (transliteration needed)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script
Burushaski edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش (ś)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script
Chinese edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش
- The eighteenth letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.
Usage notes edit
- This letter is also used to represent Pinyin initial x-.
Iraqi Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Clipping of شنو (šinu). Compare Moroccan Arabic ش (š, “what”), Maltese x’ (“what”)
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
ش (š)
- (interrogative) what
- شاسمك ؟ (to a male) ― šismak? ― What's your name?
Kashmiri edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش • (ś)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the traditional alphabet chart of Kashmiri.
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also edit
Kazakh edit
Alternative scripts | |
---|---|
Arabic | ش |
Cyrillic | Ш, ш |
Latin | Ş, ş |
Yañalif | C, c |
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش • (ş)
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also edit
Khowar edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش (šīn)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Khowar abjad.
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also edit
Malay edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش / ش / ش / ش
- The fourteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Arabic script.
See also edit
Pashto edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش • (šin)
- The twenty-second letter of the Pashto alphabet.
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also edit
Persian edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭 (-išn).
Pronunciation edit
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /eʃ/, /jeʃ/
Audio (file)
Suffix edit
ـش • (-eš)
- A rough equivalent of -tion or -ment, appended to the present stem of a verb, resulting in a noun describing the action of that verb.
Usage notes edit
Present stems ending in a long vowel add ـیـ (-y-) before this suffix, for example the present stem of the verb پالودن (pâludan) being پالا (pâlâ), the resulting noun is پالایش (pâlâyeš, “refinement”).
See also edit
Letter edit
شٍ • (šin)
- The sixteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by س and followed by ص. Its name is شین.
Punjabi edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش • (šīn)
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also edit
Sindhi edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش • (śīn)
- The thirtieth letter of the Sindhi abjad.
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also edit
South Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
ـش • (-š)
- don't, didn't (negation of verbs)
- Synonyms: ما (mā), (imperative) لا (la)
- بحكيش إنكليزي ― biḥkīš ʔinglīzi ― he doesn't speak English
Audio (Ramallah) (file) - ما بحكيش إنكليزي ― ma biḥkīš ʔinglīzi ― he doesn't speak English
Audio (Ramallah) (file) - تنساش ― tinsāš ― don't forget
Audio (Ramallah) (file) - ما تنساش ― ma tinsāš ― don't forget
Audio (Ramallah) (file) - ما كتبش ― ma katabš ― he didn't write
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Usage notes edit
- ـش (-š) shifts the stress to the end of the verbal phrase, lengthening final vowels.
- ـش (-š) may be used by itself or together with ما (ma); in the past tense, however, ما (ma) is required.
See also edit
- مش (miš)
Urdu edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
- (letter name): (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃiːn/
- (phoneme): (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter edit
ش • (śīn)
- The nineteenth letter of the Urdu abjad.
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Classical Persian ـش (-iš).
Suffix edit
ـش • (-iś)
- A suffix used in many nouns borrowed from Persian, and also in certain native words. This is a rough equivalent of -tion or -ment, making a noun for the action of the verb.
Usage notes edit
Persian nouns ending in a long vowel that add ـیـ (-y-) in Persian before this suffix, usually become ـئـ (-i-) due to modified pronunciation. In certain instances, ـیـ (-i-) remains or is one of the acceptable spellings. For example, Persian آزمایش (âzmâyeš) is normally spelled as Urdu آزمائش (āzmāiś).
Uyghur edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش • (she)
- The fourteenth letter of the Uyghur alphabet.
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also edit
Yoruba edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
ش (ṣ)
Forms edit
Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |