Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”), with analogical introduction of the diphthong -au- from *auzô (“ear”).^[1]

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈɑu̯.ɣɔːː/

Noun edit

*augô n^[1]

eye

Inflection edit

neuter an-stemDeclension of *augô (neuter an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*augô	*augōnō
vocative	*augô	*augōnō
accusative	*augô	*augōnō
genitive	*auginiz	*auganǫ̂
dative	*augini	*augammaz
instrumental	*auginē	*augammiz

Derived terms edit

*augijaną

Descendants edit

Proto-West Germanic: *augā
- Old English: ēaġe, ēge
  - Middle English: eie, yȝe, ye, yë, yghe, eye, eȝhe, eȝe, eighe, eyghe, eyȝe, iȝe
    - English: eye
      - Sranan Tongo: ai
    - Geordie English: ee, eye
    - Scots: ee
    - Yola: ieen, eein, eyen, eeen, een, ein (plural)
- Old Frisian: āge, āg
  - North Frisian:
    Most dialects: uug
    Goesharde: uug, uuch
    Halligen: uuch
    Heligoland: Oog
    Sylt: Oog
  - Saterland Frisian: Oge
  - West Frisian: each
- Old Saxon: ōga
  - Middle Low German: ôge
    - Low German:
      - German Low German:
        Hamburgisch: Oog
        Westphalian:
        ^{The template Template:rfc-sense does not use the parameter(s): 2=is this Ravensbergisch or another Lippisch term? what's the source? Lippisch (Korl Biegemann, Wilhelm Oesterhaus, [https://www.kinder-lippe.de/lippisch-platt/plattdeutsches-lexikon.html kinder-lippe.de]) has "Auge", also "Äoge", see below. This was added in <span class="plainlinks">[//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/?diff=47955018&oldid=47942999 diff]</span> & <span class="plainlinks">[//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/?diff=47978116&oldid=47978008 diff]</span>.
        Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Äuge
        Lippisch: Auge, Äoge
        Ravensbergisch: äuge (scientific), Auge
        Sauerländisch: Äoge, Auge, Eyege, Ouge, Oue
        Westmünsterländisch: Ooge, Oog
    - Plautdietsch: Uag
- Old Dutch: ōga
  - Middle Dutch: ôge
    - Dutch: oog
    - Limburgish: oug
- Old High German: ouga
  - Middle High German: ouge
    - Alemannic German: Aug
      Swabian: Aug
    - Bavarian: Aug
      Cimbrian:
      Mòcheno:
    - Central Franconian: Ooch, Auch, Au
      Hunsrik: Au
      Kölsch: Ouch
      Luxembourgish: A
    - East Central German:
      Upper Saxon German: Ooche
      Vilamovian: aojg
    - East Franconian:
    - German: Auge
    - Rhine Franconian:
      Palatine German: Aag
      Pennsylvania German: Aag
    - Yiddish: אויג (oyg)
Proto-Norse: *ᚨᚢᚷᛟ (*augo)
- ⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚨᚢᚷᛁᛉ (augiʀ)
- Old Norse: auga
  - Icelandic: auga
  - Faroese: eyga
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: auga n
  - Norwegian: (dialectal) auga, aua, aue f or n, auwe, ouwe, ouga
  - Jamtish: ouge
  - Elfdalian: oga
  - Old Swedish: ø̄gha
    - Swedish: öga
      - → Finnish: ööga
  - Scanian: yva
  - Old Danish: ø̄ghæ
    - Danish: øje
      - Norwegian Bokmål: øye
  - Gutnish: auge
Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō)
Crimean Gothic: oeghene (plural)
→? Proto-Finnic: *aukko
- Finnish: aukko
- Estonian: auk
- Votic: aukko

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*augōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*augōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

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