Baldrian
German
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German baldriān (also: waldriān), from Old High German baldriān. Compare Middle Low German boldriān.[1]
(Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) Seemingly together with Hungarian bojtorján (“burdock”) (√ *boltorján) loaned in the Dark Age period from the late 6th to early 8th century from Turkic or Proto-Mongolic, the Pannonian Avars being direct neighbours to the Germans, cognate to Turkish بالدران / baldıran (“hemlock”) which see for more Turkic cognates.
Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic, reflected as
Middle Mongol ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨᠠ (balčirɣan-a, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷ (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix ᠭᠠᠨᠠ (-ɣana),
Mongolian балчиргана (balčirgana, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as балчир (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix -гана (-gana)
Old High German had as another term for the valerian denemarka, denmarka, denemark, denimarka, in Middle High German denemarka, denemarcha, only retained in Alemannic German dialects, as tannenmark, tammarken etc.
The Medieval Latin valeriāna (“valerian”), from which the most widespread European names for the valerian derive, is most likely from German / Frankish, distorted after the verb valeō (“to be powerful”) or also the gentilic name Valerius – early enough to be calqued into Proto-Slavic *odolěnъ (“valerian”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editBaldrian m (strong, genitive Baldrians, plural Baldriane)
- valerian (Valeriana officinalis)
- Synonyms: Echter Baldrian, Großer Baldrian, Arzneibaldrian
- valerian (Valeriana - Any plant of the genus Valeriana.)
Declension
editHypernyms
editHyponyms
edit- Kleiner Baldrian
- Knolliger Baldrian
- Echter Speik
- Dreiblättriger Baldrian
- Haselwurzblättriger Baldrian
- Hügel-Baldrian
- Berg-Baldrian
- Felsen-Baldrian
- Weidenblättriger Baldrian
- Zwerg-Baldrian
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- → Czech: baldrián
- → Russian: балдырья́н (baldyrʹján)
- → Slovak: baldrián
- → Slovene: báldrijan
- → Sorbian:
References
editFurther reading
edit- “Baldrian” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “Baldrian” in Duden online
- Baldrian on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia de
Luxembourgish
editNoun
editBaldrian m (uncountable)
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms derived from Turkic languages
- German terms derived from Proto-Mongolic
- German 3-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German nouns
- German masculine nouns
- de:Honeysuckle family plants
- Luxembourgish lemmas
- Luxembourgish nouns
- Luxembourgish uncountable nouns
- Luxembourgish masculine nouns