der
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Imitative.
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
der
- (Australia) Disdainful indication that something is obvious.
- (Australia) Indication of stupidity.
- 1979, Gabrielle Carey, Kathy Lette, Puberty Blues, page 46:
- `Sprung!' cried Jeff Basin, the local dubbo. 'Oh, der,' moaned Boardie sarcastically.
Synonyms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
der (not comparable)
- Nonstandard spelling of there.
Interjection edit
der
- Nonstandard spelling of there.
Noun edit
der (uncountable)
- Nonstandard spelling of there.
Pronoun edit
der
- Nonstandard spelling of there.
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Alemannic German edit
Article edit
der
- (definite) the
- 1856, Jacob Maehly, Rhigmurmel. Gedichte in Basler Mundart, page 187f:
- 'S Emilie werd im elterlige Roth
Sich widersetze, wenn [...] - In 's Emilies Stammbuech [...]
- 'S Emilie werd im elterlige Roth
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 67:
- Am Tag der Rast, am Tag der Rueh',
Schout gern dem Kinderg'wimmel,
De frohe Kinderspiele zue
's Allvatterherz vum Himmel!- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 98:
- Was host denn 's Teufels?
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 121:
- Ho 's Johrs vum Kind nü Batze g'hett,
Und lützel Garba g'schnitte.- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 140:
- Der Ehstand ist [...]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 160:
- Sie nimmt vum Bett de-n-arme Wurm
Und [...]- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension edit
Vorarlberg:
Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
Nominative | der | d' | des, 's | d' |
Genitive | 's | der | 's | |
Dative | dem | der | dem | de |
Accusative | de de-n- (before a vowel) |
d' | des, 's | d' |
Basel:
Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
Nominative | der | die, d' | 's | die, d' |
Genitive | 's | |||
Dative | dem | der, de | dem | de |
Accusative | de | die, d' | 's | d' |
Chinese edit
For pronunciation and definitions of der – see 的. (This term is an Internet slang variant form of 的). |
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
der
Danish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse þar, from Proto-Germanic *þar (“there”), cognate with English there, German da.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
der
- there (in or at that place)
References edit
- “der,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
Pronoun edit
der
- (dummy pronoun) there (expletive word put in the subject field when the subject is postponed to the predicate field, typically with indefinite subjects or subjectless passive verbs)
- der sad to katte på et bord
- two cats were sitting on a table (lit. "there sat two cats on a table")
- der blev diskuteret vildt
- people were debating vehemently (lit. "there was debated vehemently")
- (relative) who, which, that (introduces relative clauses, only when the pronoun is the subject of the sentence)
- added to interrogative pronouns functioning as the subject of interrogative dependent clauses or exclamative independent clauses
- jeg ved godt, hvem der vinder den flaske
- I know who is going to win that bottle
- hvem der bare havde en hund!
- if only I had a dog
References edit
- “der,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
- “der,3” in Den Danske Ordbog
Particle edit
der
- (deictic particle) that (put after a definite noun phrase)
- hun købte bordet der for ingen penge
- she bought that table for no money
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Unstressed form of daar (“there”).
Adverb edit
der
Synonyms edit
Antonyms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Article edit
der
- (dated) (archaic) genitive singular feminine of de; of the.
- geschiedenis der Nederlandsche taal ― history of the Dutch language
- (dated) (archaic) genitive plural of de; of the.
- het koninkrijk der Nederlanden ― the kingdom of the Netherlands
- (dated) (archaic) dative singular feminine of de.
Usage notes edit
- The distinction of the dative case, which had long been frail and without any basis in actual speech, widely fell out of use over the course of the 19th century. The genitive case, chiefly of the plural, was still productively used in written style in the latter half of the 20th century, especially in order to avoid reduplication of van. However, it has since continuously lost ground and is now reserved to poetic and highly literary language (apart from fixed expressions and surnames).
- The current pronunciation is a spelling pronunciation. Before the word became archaic, it was pronounced with a schwa, /dər/.
Inflection edit
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | de | de | het | de |
---|---|---|---|---|
Genitive | des | der | des | der |
Dative | den | der | den | den |
Accusative | den | de | het | de |
Anagrams edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
der m or f (plural ders)
- last
- la der des ders (referring to the First World War) ― the war that ends all wars (literally, “the last of the lasts”)
Derived terms edit
Galician edit
Verb edit
der
German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German dër, from Old High German der, ther, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection. Compare also Old Dutch thie and Old English sē where the same process occurred.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /de(ː)r/, [deːɐ̯], [dɛɐ̯], [dɐ]
- The most common pronunciation is [dɛɐ̯], which is possible in all contexts. The form [deːɐ̯] may be used when the word is stressed. The reduced form [dɐ] occurs chiefly after prepositions and conjunctions. In northern and central German vernaculars, the /d/ may in this case assimilate to a preceding coronal (thus in der may colloquially become [ˈɪnɐ]).
audio (file) - Rhymes: -eːɐ̯
Article edit
der (definite)
Declension edit
German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | der | die | das | die |
Genitive | des | der | des | der |
Dative | dem | der | dem | den |
Accusative | den | die | das | die |
- Old Declension
German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | der | die | das (older also: daß) |
die |
Genitive | des (older also: deß) |
der | des (older also: deß) |
deren or derer, also der |
Dative | dem | der | dem | denen, also den |
Accusative | den | die | das (older also: daß) |
die |
This older declension is not used anymore.
For examples see Citations:der.
Derived terms edit
Article edit
der
Pronoun edit
der m (relative)
Usage notes edit
In a subordinate clause, indicates a person or thing referenced in the main clause. Used with masculine singular referents.
Declension edit
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das | die |
genitive | dessen | deren younger also: derer |
dessen | derer deren |
dative | dem | der | dem | denen |
accusative | den | die | das | die |
- By modern grammar works it is said that derer and deren can both be used without difference.
- Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.
- Old Declension
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das older also: daß |
die |
genitive | dessen older also: deß, des |
deren older also: der, dero |
dessen older also: deß, des |
derer also: deren older also: dero |
dative | dem older also: deme |
der | dem older also: deme |
denen |
accusative | den | die | das older also: daß |
die |
Pronoun edit
der f (relative)
Pronoun edit
der (demonstrative)
- (attributive, stressed) that
- Der Mann war es! ― It was that man!
- (indicative) him, he
- Der hat es getan! ― It was him who did it!
- (differential) the one, him
- Der mit dem Mantel ― The one with the coat
Declension edit
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das | die |
genitive | dessen | deren younger also: derer |
dessen | derer deren |
dative | dem | der | dem | denen |
accusative | den | die | das | die |
- In modern grammar works, it is said that derer is used cataphorically, while deren is used anaphorically.
- Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.
- Old Declension
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das older also: daß |
die |
genitive | dessen older also: deß, des |
deren older also: der, dero |
dessen older also: deß, des |
derer also: deren older also: dero |
dative | dem older also: deme |
der | dem older also: deme |
denen |
accusative | den | die | das older also: daß |
die |
Pronoun edit
der f (demonstrative)
Further reading edit
- “der” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “der” in Duden online
- “der, die, das (bestimmte Artikel)” in Duden online
Hunsrik edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
der
- unstressed dative of du.
Inflection edit
nominative | accusative | dative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proclitic | Enclitic | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | |
1st person singular | ich | -ich | mich | meer | mer | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | -du, -de | dich | deer | der | |
3rd person singular (m.) | er; där | -er | ihn | en | ihm | em |
3rd person singular (f.) | sie; die | -se | sie / ihns | se | eer | re |
3rd person singular (n.) | es; das | 's | es | ihm | em | |
1st person plural | meer | mer | uns | |||
2nd person plural | deer | der | eich | |||
3rd person plural | sie; die | -se | sie | se | denne |
Further reading edit
Latin edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
der
Limburgish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch der, unstressed form of dāer, from Old Dutch thar, from Proto-West Germanic *þār, from Proto-Germanic *þar.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
der
Synonyms edit
Luxembourgish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle High German der.
In the masculine singular, der was originally nominative and den was accusative. This case distinction, which still exists in Standard German, was then lost in Luxembourgish. Why the form der was reassigned to usage with taboo words seems unexplained.
Determiner edit
der
- unstressed form of där
- (archaic outside idioms) Alternative form of den (masculine definite article) used with certain taboo words, especially Däiwel (“devil”) and Doud (“death”)
Declension edit
Luxembourgish definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nom./acc. | deen (den) | déi (d') | dat (d') | déi (d') |
dat. | deem (dem) | där (der) | deem (dem) | deen (den) |
gen. | der |
Etymology 2 edit
Pronoun edit
der
- unstressed form of dir
Declension edit
nominative | accusative | dative | reflexive | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | ||||
1st person singular | ech | — | mech | — | mir | mer | like dat. and acc. | ||
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | de | dech | — | dir | der | like dat. and acc. | ||
2nd person singular (formal) |
Dir | Der | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | ||
3rd person singular | m | hien | en | hien | en | him | em | sech | |
f | si | se | si | se | hir | er | sech | ||
n | hatt | et ('t) | hatt | et ('t) | him | em | sech | ||
1st person plural | mir | mer | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | ||
2nd person plural | dir | der | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | ||
3rd person plural | si | se | si | se | hinnen | en | sech |
Etymology 3 edit
Fossiled genitive plural of the demonstrative pronoun (see deen). Cognate with German derer (only optionally and rarely so used), Dutch er (used as in Luxembourgish).
Adverb edit
der
- Used with numbers that refer back to a previously named noun; compare French en, Dutch er.
- Ech hunn zwee Kanner an hien huet der dräi.
- I have two children and he has three.
- (Can we date this quote?), “Zwou Bulle Mokka”, performed by Fausti:
- Zwou Bulle Mokka, zwou sou séiss wéi Zocker.
Zwou Bulle Mokka, do fäls de bal vum Hocker.
Zwou Bulle Mokka, zwou Bulle man dech frou,
Well et sinn der zwou – esou.- Two scoops of mocha, two as sweet as sugar.
Two scoops of mocha, you almost fall off your stool.
Two scoops of mocha, two scoops make you happy,
Because they’re two – just like that.
Or: Because it’s two of them – just like that.
- Two scoops of mocha, two as sweet as sugar.
Middle Dutch edit
Article edit
der
Adverb edit
der
- unstressed form of dāer
Middle High German edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old High German der, from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection.
Pronoun edit
dër
- (definite article) the
- alliu diu freude, die diu werlt hat
- all the joy that the world has
- (relative) who, which, that
Declension edit
Declension of dër | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | ||||
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
nominative | dër | diu | daz | |
genitive | dës | dër(e) | dës | |
dative | dëm(e) | dër(e) | dëm(e) | |
accusative | dën | die | daz | |
instrumental | — | — | diu | |
Plural | ||||
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
nominative | die | diu | ||
genitive | dër(e) | |||
dative | dën | |||
accusative | die | diu |
Descendants edit
Mòcheno edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German der, from Old High German der, ther, from Proto-Germanic *þa, an alteration of *sa. Cognate with German der, English the.
Article edit
der (feminine de, neuter s, plural de)
- the, nominative singular masculine definite article
References edit
- “der” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Northern Kurdish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-. Compare English door, Persian در (dar), Ossetian дуар (dwar), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨 (duuarəm), Russian дверь (dverʹ).
Adverb edit
der
Noun edit
der f
Synonyms edit
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
der
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “der” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse þar. Akin to English there.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
der
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Norwegian *þiðr, whence also dere. Borrowed from Old East Norse iðʀ with added þ-, similar to þit from hafið it.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
der
References edit
- “der” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old High German edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Derived from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection.
Pronoun edit
der
Declension edit
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | ||||
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
nominative | der | diu | daz | |
genitive | des | dera (deru, dero) | des | |
dative | demu, demo | deru, dero | demu, demo | |
accusative | den | dea, dia (die) | daz | |
instrumental | diu | — | diu | |
Plural | ||||
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
nominative | de, dea, dia, die | deo, dio | diu (dei) | |
genitive | dero | |||
dative | dem, den | |||
accusative | de, dea, dia, die | deo, dio | diu (dei) |
Descendants edit
Pennsylvania German edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
der m (definite)
Declension edit
Pennsylvania German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | der | die | es | die |
Dative | dem or em | der | dem or em | de |
Accusative | der or den | die | es | die |
Article edit
der
Pronoun edit
der
Declension edit
singular | plural | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar |
2nd person polite/formal |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du de1 |
dihr der1 Sie |
er | sie se1 |
es | mir mer1 |
dihr der1 |
sie |
dative | mir mer1 |
dir der1 |
eich Ihne Ne1 |
ihm em1 |
ihre re1 |
ihm em1 |
uns | eich | ihne ne1 |
accusative | mich | dich | eich Sie |
ihn en1 |
sie se1 |
es | sie |
1unstressed
Pronoun edit
der
Declension edit
singular | plural | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar |
2nd person polite/formal |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du de1 |
dihr der1 Sie |
er | sie se1 |
es | mir mer1 |
dihr der1 |
sie |
dative | mir mer1 |
dir der1 |
eich Ihne Ne1 |
ihm em1 |
ihre re1 |
ihm em1 |
uns | eich | ihne ne1 |
accusative | mich | dich | eich Sie |
ihn en1 |
sie se1 |
es | sie |
1unstressed
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
der
Swedish edit
Adverb edit
der
Anagrams edit
Turkish edit
Verb edit
der
West Frisian edit
Adverb edit
der
- there (unspecific to distance)
- Der binne trije Fryske talen
- There are three Frisian languages.
Further reading edit
- “der (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Wolof edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
der (definite form der wi)