circadian

English

Etymology

From the Latin circā (“about”) and diēs (“a day”) with the English suffix -an. Compare circannual.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /səˈkeɪ.dɪ.ən/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /sɚˈkeɪ.di.ən/, /sɚˈkæd.i.ən/, /ˌsɝ.kəˈdi.ən/, /ˌsɝ.kəˈdaɪ.ən/

Adjective

circadian (not comparable)

1. (biology) Of, relating to, or showing rhythmic behaviour with a period of 24 hours; especially of a biological process.
   • 2000, Arnold Sameroff, et al: Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology, page 310:

     The circadian clock is involved in the regulation of the diurnal sleep-wake cycle, […].

   • 2002, Jill B. Becker, Behavioral Endocrinology, page 483:

     To summarize, the circadian system, particularly the SCN, controls the circadian pattern of melatonin release in mammals.

   • 2005, Paul Martin, Counting Sheep: The Science and Pleasures of Sleep and Dreams, page 114:

     The most obvious circadian rhythm is the daily cycle of sleep and activity.

   • 2014 April 5, “Quite interesting: A quietly intriguing column from the brains behind QI, the BBC quiz show. This week; QI orchids you not”, in The Daily Telegraph (Weekend), page W22:

     Circadian clocks developed early in evolution in single-celled organisms, before the animal and plant kingdom split from one another. The original clocks probably functioned to protect the cells from damage induced by high UV radiation.

Synonyms

• diurnal (in one of its senses)
• quotidian (in one of its senses)

Coordinate terms

• infradian
• ultradian

Derived terms

• circadian clock
• circadian dysrhythmia
• circadian rhythm

 

Related terms

• circalunar / circalunidian
• circasemidian

Translations

relating to rhythmic behavior with a period of 24 hours

• Catalan: circadiari (ca)
• French: circadien (fr)
• Galician: circadiano m
• German: circadian, zirkadian (de)
• Greek: κιρκάδιος (el) m (kirkádios)
• Icelandic: dægur-, sólarhrings-
• Irish: laethúil
• Italian: circadiano (it)
• Japanese: 晦日 (ja) (かいじつ, kaijitsu)
• Polish: całodobowy (pl), dwudziestoczterogodzinny (pl)
• Russian: циркадный (ru) (cirkadnyj), циркадианный (ru) (cirkadiannyj)
• Slovak: denný (sk), cirkadiálny, cirkadiánny
• Spanish: circadiano (es)
• Ukrainian: цирка́дний (cyrkádnyj)

Anagrams

• cardician

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French circadien.

Adjective

circadian m or n (feminine singular circadiană, masculine plural circadieni, feminine and neuter plural circadiene)

1. circadian

Declension

Declension of circadian

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	circadian		circadiană	circadieni	circadiene
	definite	circadianul		circadiana	circadienii	circadienele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	circadian		circadiene	circadieni	circadiene
	definite	circadianului		circadienei	circadienilor	circadienelor