gourmand
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English gourmaunt, gormond, gromonde, from Old French gormant (“a glutton”, noun), from gormant (“gluttonous”, adjective), of uncertain origin.
Pronunciation
edit- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɡʊə.mənd/, /ˈɡʊʁmɑ̃/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (US) IPA(key): /ɡɔɹˈmɑnd/, /ˈɡʊɹ.mɑnd/
- Rhymes: (US) -ɑnd
Noun
editgourmand (plural gourmands)
- A person given to excess in the consumption of food and drink; a greedy or ravenous eater.
- 1603 (first performance; published 1605), Beniamin Ionson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Seianus his Fall. A Tragœdie. […]”, in The Workes of Beniamin Ionson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, →OCLC, Act I, page 365:
- I knew him, at Caivs trencher, when for hyre, / He proſtituted his abuſed body / To that great gourmond, fat Apicivs;
- 1908, W[illiam] B[lair] M[orton] Ferguson, chapter I, in Zollenstein, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC, page 5:
- The colonel and his sponsor made a queer contrast: Greystone [the sponsor] long and stringy, with a face that seemed as if a cold wind was eternally playing on it. […] But there was not a more lascivious reprobate and gourmand in all London than this same Greystone.
- A person who appreciates good food.
- 2000, Endymion Wilkinson, “Agriculture, Food, and the Environment”, in Chinese History: A New Manual[1], Rev. & enl. edition, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 636:
- The third key was the number of demands from different patrons or groups for their own specialized cuisines. Such patrons included the court, rich households, and scholar-gourmands. Buddhists and Muslims also elaborated their own cuisines (sucai 素菜 and qingzhen 清真).
Synonyms
edit- (person given to excess consumption): glutton, trencherman, see also Thesaurus:glutton
- (person who appreciates food): chowhound, gastronaut, gourmet
- (person with a special interest or knowledge of food): foodie
Derived terms
editTranslations
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See also
editFrench
editEtymology
editFrom Middle French gourmant (“glutton”), originally an adjectival form, from Old French, where it had the sense of trencherman, but of uncertain ultimate origin.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editgourmand (feminine gourmande, masculine plural gourmands, feminine plural gourmandes)
- eating a lot
- (more recently) having a love for good food, demanding of food quality
Noun
editgourmand m (plural gourmands, feminine gourmande)
- a person who eats a lot, or who has refined tastes in food
Usage notes
editThe French and English usages of this word are false friends. While the English word has evolved to emphasize the excesses of a gourmand, the French word has become more associated with refined tastes in food. See also gourmet, which has considerable overlap with this word.
Descendants
editFurther reading
edit- “gourmand”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norman
editEtymology
editFrom Old French, where it had the sense of trencherman, but of uncertain ultimate origin.
Adjective
editgourmand m
Portuguese
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from French gourmand.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgourmand m or f by sense (plural gourmands)
Further reading
edit- “gourmand”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024
Swedish
editNoun
editgourmand c
- someone who enjoys eating a lot of (good) food; a gourmand
Declension
editDeclension of gourmand | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | gourmand | gourmanden | gourmander | gourmanderna |
Genitive | gourmands | gourmandens | gourmanders | gourmandernas |
See also
editReferences
edit- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms with unknown etymologies
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɑnd
- Rhymes:English/ɑnd/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:People
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French adjectives
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Personality
- Norman terms derived from Old French
- Norman lemmas
- Norman adjectives
- Jersey Norman
- Portuguese terms borrowed from French
- Portuguese unadapted borrowings from French
- Portuguese terms derived from French
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Portuguese nouns with multiple genders
- Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns