lauks

Latvian

Rudzu lauks (1)

Ledus lauks (2)

Elektromagnētiskais lauks (6)

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *lawk-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to shine; bright; to see”), whence also the Latvian adjective lauks (“light (color)”) (q.v.). As a noun (with intonational change), the meaning evolution was probably “light, clear (place)” > “open place” > “field.” Cognates include Lithuanian laũkas, Old High German lōh (“forest clearing overgrown with bushes”) (< *lauh) Old Prussian laucks, Sanskrit लोकः (lokáḥ, “free space, clearing; world”), Latin lūcus (“sacred grove”) (< “glade, clearing near a grove”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: [lāūks]

Noun

lauks m, 1st declension

1. field (area of land occupied by one or a few plant species, usually crops)

   rudzu, kviešu, linu lauks — rye, wheat, flax field

   kartupeļu, biešu, kāpostu lauks — potato, beet, cabbage field

   aparts lauks — plowed, labored field

   nokopts lauks — cleared field

   sagatavot lauku sējai — to prepare a field for sowing

   pirmie pavasara lauku darbi — the first field works of spring

   lauka gurķi — field cucumbers (i.e., grown in the open air)

   lauku puķes — field flowers (i.e., those that grow freely in meadows, fields, etc,)

   lauku zvirbulis — field sparrow (species found in rural areas)

   lauku balodis ir lielāks par mājas balodi — the field (= wild) pigeon is bigger than the house (= domestic) pigeon

2. field (a large surface or clearing formed by something, where something can be found)

   ledus, sniega lauks — ice, snow field

   kapu lauks, kapulauks — graveyard (lit. grave field)

   mīnu 'lauks — mine field

3. (singular only) outside area, exterior

   ienākt no lauka istabā — to come into the room from outside

   bērni varēja iet rotaļās, skraidīt pa lauku un pēcāk visi kopā ēst vakariņas — the children could go play, run outside and later all together eat dinner

4. area (environment, place, branch of knowledge, where some work, process, action will happen)

   darba lauks, darbalauks — field of work, activity

   kara lauks, karalauks — battleground (lit. war field)

   kaujas lauks — battlefield

   redzes lauks — field of vision

   darbības lauks — scope (lit. field of action)

   E. Eferts-Klusais spraigi darbojās kultūras un izglītības laukā — E. Eferts-Klusais worked strenuously in the field of culture and education

   celtniecība iespējams atrast daudz, daudz jaunu ceļu; šis darba lauks gaidīt gaida cilvēkus ar nemierīgu sirdi un dzīvu fantāziju — in construction it is possible to find many, many new paths; this field of work is just waiting for people with a restless heart and living fantasy

5. (military, in the genitive) field... (which happens in, or is suitable for, deployment or combat situations)

   lauka hospitālis — field hospital

   lauka virtuve — field kitchen

   lauka soma — field bag

   lauka kara tiesa — field court martial

   lauka kapelāns — field chaplain

6. (physics) field (region of space where a certain force or influence manifests itself)

   elektriskais, magnētiskais lauks — electric, magnetic field

   elektromagnētiskais lauks — electromagnetic field

   gravitācijas lauks — gravitational field

   akustiskais lauks — acoustic field

   kodolspēku lauks — nuclear force field

   mainīgs lauks — variable field

   lauka intensitāte — field intensity

Declension

declension of lauks

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	lauks	lauki
accusative (akuzatīvs)	lauku	laukus
genitive (ģenitīvs)	lauka	lauku
dative (datīvs)	laukam	laukiem
instrumental (instrumentālis)	lauku	laukiem
locative (lokatīvs)	laukā	laukos
vocative (vokatīvs)	lauk	lauki

Synonyms

• (of "open area, for planting"): tīrums
• (of "branch of knowledge"): nozare
• (of "area outside"): ārs

Derived terms

• darba lauks, darbalauks
• karalauks, kara lauks
• laukā (adverb, out, outside)
• laukums

References

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Lithuanian

Verb

lauks

1. third-person singular future tense of laukti.
2. third-person plural future tense of laukti.