spogulis
Latvian
Spogulis
Etymology
From Proto-Baltic *speng-, *spang- (> Eastern Baltic *spuog-, + -ulis), from Proto-Indo-European *sp(ʰ)eng (“to shine”). Originally a dialectal word with many variant forms, meaning “shine, gloss, sheen.” A. Kronvalds introduced it in the literary language in the 1860s, first to mean “shiny surface (of water)” (ūdens-spogulis), from which it spread to its other current meanings (cf. German Wasserspiegel). The word really entered the literary language after A. Pumpurs included it in his epic poem Lāčplēsis (“Bear-slayer”). It has mostly replaced a former German borrowing spieģelis.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA: [spūōɡulis]
Noun
spogulis m, 2nd declension
- mirror (smooth surface that reflects light so as to produce an image of what is in front of it)
- stikla, metāla spogulis — glass, metal mirror
- sienas, kabatas, galda spogulis — wall, pocket, table mirror'
- apskatīt sevi spogulī — to look at oneself in the mirror
- viņa ķemmē matus un skatās spogulī — she combs her hair and looks in the mirror
- greizais spogulis — twisted, distorting mirror (i.e., one which gives a wrong image)
- calm water surface
- ezera, upes spogulis — lake, river surface
- (optics) a reflective surface as an optical system
- spoguļa formula — mirror formula
- spoguļa fokuss — mirror focus
- spoguļa lineārais palielinājums — mirror linear increase
- (figuratively) something that reflects or shows something (a quality, a feature, etc.)
- prese ir sabiedriskās domas spogulis — the press is a mirror of public opinion
- acis ir cilvēka dvēseles spogulis — the eyes are the mirror of a person's soul
- an area of an animal's body that is different from its surroundings and characterizes the animal
- mugurpusē ap asti stirnai ir spilgti balts laukums, tā sauktais “spogulis” — back around the tail of the roe deer is a bright white spot, the so-called “mirror”
Declension
declension of spogulis
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | spogulis | spoguļi |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | spoguli | spoguļus |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | spoguļa | spoguļu |
| dative (datīvs) | spogulim | spoguļiem |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | spoguli | spoguļiem |
| locative (lokatīvs) | spogulī | spoguļos |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | spoguli | spoguļi |
Synonyms
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns. 1992, 2001. Latviešu etimoloģijas vārdnīca. Rīga: AVOTS. ISBN 9984700127.