calm

English

Etymology

From Middle French calme, from Old Italian calma. Calma may derive from Latin cauma (“heat of the midday sun”), from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kauma, “heat, especially of the sun”), from καίω (kaiō, “I burn”), or possibly from Latin caleō, from Ancient Greek (Doric) κάλεoς (of the Ionic κήλεος (“burning”)).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /kɑːm/, X-SAMPA: /kA:m/
• (US) IPA: /kɑm/, /kɑlm/, X-SAMPA: /kAhm/, /kAlm/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːm

Adjective

calm (comparative calmer or more calm, superlative calmest or most calm)

1. (of a person) Peaceful, quiet, especially free from anger and anxiety.
2. (of a place or situation) Free of noise and disturbance.
3. (of water) with little waves on the surface.

Synonyms

• See also Wikisaurus:calm

Antonyms

• stressed, nervous, anxious

Derived terms

• calm as a millpond
• ice-calm

Translations

free from anger and anxiety

• Arabic: هادي (ar) (haadi')
• Aymara: aliqa (ay)
• Bulgarian: спокоен (bg) (spokoen)
• Catalan: calm (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 平靜 (cmn), 平静 (cmn) (píngjìng), 安靜 (cmn), 安静 (cmn) (ānjìng)

• Czech: klidný (cs) m
• Danish: rolig (da)
• Dutch: vredig (nl), kalm (nl)
• Finnish: rauhallinen (fi), tyyni (fi), levollinen (fi)
• Greek: ήρεμος (el) (íremos)
• Hebrew: רגוע (he) (ragua) m
• Hungarian: nyugodt (hu)
• Japanese: 穏やか (ja) (おだやか, odayaka), 静か (ja) (しずか, shizuka)

• Latvian: rāms (lv)
• Lithuanian: ramus (lt)
• Norwegian Bokmål: rolig (nb)
• Norwegian Nynorsk: roleg (nn)
• Persian: آرام (fa) (ârâm)
• Polish: spokojny (pl) m, opanowany (pl) m
• Portuguese: calma (pt) f, calmo (pt) m
• Romanian: liniștit (ro)
• Russian: спокойный (ru) (spokójnyj) m, тихий (ru) (tíxij) m
• Scottish Gaelic: suaimhneach (gd)
• Spanish: calmado (es)
• Swedish: lugn (sv), rofylld (sv)
• Tok Pisin: belisi (tpi)
• Turkish: sakin (tr)

free of noise and disturbance

• Bulgarian: тих (bg) (tih), мирен (bg) (miren)
• Catalan: calm (ca)
• Czech: klidný (cs) m
• Danish: rolig (da)
• Dutch: kalm (nl), rustig (nl)
• Esperanto: serena (eo)
• Finnish: rauhallinen (fi), tyyni (fi), levollinen (fi)
• German: ruhig (de)
• Greek: γαλήνιος (el) (galínios)
• Hebrew: שלוו (he) (shalev)
• Hungarian: csendes (hu)
• Japanese: 静か (ja) (shizuka)

• Luxembourgish: roueg (lb)
• Norwegian Bokmål: rolig (nb), fredelig (nb)
• Norwegian Nynorsk: roleg (nn), fredeleg (nn)
• Portuguese: calmo (pt)
• Romanian: liniștit (ro)
• Russian: спокойный (ru) (spokójnyj)
• Scottish Gaelic: suaimhneach (gd)
• Spanish: calmado (es)
• Swedish: lugn (sv), stilla (sv)
• Tatar: калим (tt) (kalim)
• Turkish: sakin (tr)

(of water) with little waves on the surface

• Polish: spokojny (pl) m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

• Irish: calma (ga)

Noun

calm (plural calms)

1. (in a person) The state of being calm; peacefulness; absence of worry, anger, fear or other strong negative emotion.
2. (in a place or situation) The state of being calm; absence of noise and disturbance.
3. A period of time without wind.

Synonyms

• See also Wikisaurus:calmness

Derived terms

• ice-calm

Translations

condition of being unworried and free from anger

• Armenian: հանգստություն (hy) (hangstut’yun), խաղաղություն (hy) (xaġaġut’yun)
• Bulgarian: спокойствие (bg) (spokojstvie) n, покой (bg) (pokoj) m
• Catalan: calma (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 平靜 (cmn), 平静 (cmn) (píngjìng)

• Czech: klid (cs) m
• Danish: ro (da) c
• Dutch: sereniteit (nl) f

• Finnish: rauhallisuus (fi), tyyneys (fi), levollisuus (fi)
• Greek: ηρεμία (el) (iremía) f
• Hebrew: רוגע (he) (roga) m
• Polish: spokój (pl) m
• Romanian: liniște (ro) f
• Russian: покой (ru) (pokój) m, спокойствие (ru) (spokójstvije) n
• Spanish: sosiego (es) m, calma (es) f
• Swedish: ro (sv) c, lugn (sv)

the state with absence of noise and disturbance

• Armenian: հանգիստ (hy) (hangist), խաղաղություն (hy) (xaġaġut’yun)
• Bulgarian: тишина (bg) (tišina) f
• Catalan: calma (ca) f
• Danish: ro (da) c
• Dutch: rust (nl) m and f
• Finnish: rauhallisuus (fi), tyyneys (fi), levollisuus (fi)
• German: Ruhe (de) f
• Greek: γαλήνη (el) (galíni) f

• Hebrew: שלווה (he) (shalva) f
• Japanese: 静か (ja) (shizuka)
• Polish: spokój (pl) m
• Romanian: liniște (ro) f
• Russian: покой (ru) (pokój) m, тишина (ru) (tišiná) f
• Spanish: sosiego (es) m
• Swedish: ro (sv) c, stillhet (sv) c, lugn (sv) c
• Tatar: калим (tt) (kalim)

period without wind

• Bulgarian: безветрие (bg) (bezvetrie) n, затишие (bg) (zatišie) n
• Catalan: calma (ca) f
• Dutch: windstilte (nl) f
• Finnish: tyven (fi), tyyni (fi), pläkä (fi)
• German: Stille (de) f

• Maori: rahopē (mi) (refers to condition at sea)
• Russian: затишье (ru) (zatíšʹje) n, безветрие (ru) (bezvétrije) n, штиль (ru) (štilʹ) m (nautical)
• Scottish Gaelic: fèath (gd) m and f
• Spanish: calma (es) f
• Swedish: stiltje (sv), bleke (sv)

Verb

calm (third-person singular simple present calms, present participle calming, simple past and past participle calmed)

1. (transitive) To make calm.
2. (intransitive) To become calm.

Synonyms

• calm down, cool off, ease, pacify, quieten, soothe, subdue

Translations

to make calm

• Bulgarian: успокоявам (bg) (uspokojavam), усмирявам (bg) (usmirjavam)
• Catalan: calmar (ca)
• Czech: uklidnit (cs)
• Danish: berolige (da)
• Dutch: kalmeren (nl), gerust stellen (nl)
• Finnish: tyynnyttää (fi), rauhoittaa (fi)
• Galician: calmar (gl)
• German: beruhigen (de), ruhig stellen (de)
• Greek: ηρεμώ (el) (iremó)
• Hebrew: הרגיע (he) (hirgía)

• Hungarian: megnyugtat (hu), lecsendesít (hu)
• Norwegian Bokmål: roe (nb), berolige (nb)
• Norwegian Nynorsk: roe (nn)
• Polish: uspokoić (pl), uspokajać (pl)
• Romanian: liniști (ro), calma (ro)
• Russian: успокаивать (ru) (uspokáivat') impf., успокоить (ru) (uspokóit') pf.
• Swedish: lugna (sv), stilla (sv)
• Tatar: калим (tt) (kalim)

to become calm

• Bulgarian: успокоявам се (bg) (uspokojavam se), стихвам (bg) (stihvam)
• Catalan: calmar (ca)
• Czech: uklidnit (cs)
• Dutch: afkoelen (nl), kalmeren (nl)
• Finnish: tyyntyä (fi), rauhoittua (fi)
• Galician: calmar (gl)
• Hebrew: נרגע (he) (nirgá)

• Hungarian: megnyugszik (hu), lecsendesül (hu)
• Norwegian: roe seg (no)
• Polish: uspokoić się (pl), uspokajać się (pl)
• Romanian: se liniști (ro)
• Russian: успокаиваться (ru) (uspokáivat'sja) impf., успокоиться (ru) (uspokóit'sja) pf.
• Swedish: lugna (sv) sig

Anagrams

• clam

---

Catalan

Adjective

calm m (feminine calma, masculine plural calms, feminine plural calmes)

1. calm

Related terms

• calma
• calmar

---

Romanian

Noun

calm

1. composure (calmness of mind or matter, self-possession)

This Romanian entry was created from the translations listed at composure. It may be less reliable than other entries, and may be missing parts of speech or additional senses. Please also see calm in the Romanian Wiktionary. This notice will be removed when the entry is checked. (more information) June 2010