Wiktionary

suma

See also: Appendix:Variations of "suma"

Basque edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /s̺uma/ [s̺u.ma]
  • Rhymes: -uma
  • Hyphenation: su‧ma

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Spanish suma (“sum”).

Noun edit

suma inan

  1. (dated) amount, quantity
    Synonym: kopuru
Declension edit
Declension of suma (inanimate, ending in -a)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive suma suma sumak
ergative sumak sumak sumek
dative sumari sumari sumei
genitive sumaren sumaren sumen
comitative sumarekin sumarekin sumekin
causative sumarengatik sumarengatik sumengatik
benefactive sumarentzat sumarentzat sumentzat
instrumental sumaz sumaz sumez
inessive sumatan suman sumetan
locative sumatako sumako sumetako
allative sumatara sumara sumetara
terminative sumataraino sumaraino sumetaraino
directive sumatarantz sumarantz sumetarantz
destinative sumatarako sumarako sumetarako
ablative sumatatik sumatik sumetatik
partitive sumarik — —
prolative sumatzat — —

Etymology 2 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun edit

suma inan

  1. smell (sense)
    Synonym: usaimen
Declension edit
Declension of suma (inanimate, ending in -a)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive suma suma sumak
ergative sumak sumak sumek
dative sumari sumari sumei
genitive sumaren sumaren sumen
comitative sumarekin sumarekin sumekin
causative sumarengatik sumarengatik sumengatik
benefactive sumarentzat sumarentzat sumentzat
instrumental sumaz sumaz sumez
inessive sumatan suman sumetan
locative sumatako sumako sumetako
allative sumatara sumara sumetara
terminative sumataraino sumaraino sumetaraino
directive sumatarantz sumarantz sumetarantz
destinative sumatarako sumarako sumetarako
ablative sumatatik sumatik sumetatik
partitive sumarik — —
prolative sumatzat — —

Further reading edit

  • "suma" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
  • “suma” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus

Catalan edit

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

suma f (plural sumes)

  1. sum
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

suma

  1. inflection of sumar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Cebuano edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Spanish suma, from Latin summa.

Verb edit

suma

  1. to reckon
  2. to tabulate

Etymology 2 edit

Unknown.

Adjective edit

suma

  1. according to

Finnish edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *sum(p)a.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -umɑ
  • Syllabification(key): su‧ma

Noun edit

suma

  1. logjam
    Synonym: jumi
  2. traffic jam
    Synonym: ruuhka
  3. (figuratively, in compounds) accumulation, bunch
    kolarisuma ― pile-up

Declension edit

Inflection of suma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative suma sumat
genitive suman sumien
partitive sumaa sumia
illative sumaan sumiin
singular plural
nominative suma sumat
accusative nom. suma sumat
gen. suman
genitive suman sumien
sumainrare
partitive sumaa sumia
inessive sumassa sumissa
elative sumasta sumista
illative sumaan sumiin
adessive sumalla sumilla
ablative sumalta sumilta
allative sumalle sumille
essive sumana sumina
translative sumaksi sumiksi
abessive sumatta sumitta
instructive — sumin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of suma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative sumani sumani
accusative nom. sumani sumani
gen. sumani
genitive sumani sumieni
sumainirare
partitive sumaani sumiani
inessive sumassani sumissani
elative sumastani sumistani
illative sumaani sumiini
adessive sumallani sumillani
ablative sumaltani sumiltani
allative sumalleni sumilleni
essive sumanani suminani
translative sumakseni sumikseni
abessive sumattani sumittani
instructive — —
comitative — sumineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative sumasi sumasi
accusative nom. sumasi sumasi
gen. sumasi
genitive sumasi sumiesi
sumaisirare
partitive sumaasi sumiasi
inessive sumassasi sumissasi
elative sumastasi sumistasi
illative sumaasi sumiisi
adessive sumallasi sumillasi
ablative sumaltasi sumiltasi
allative sumallesi sumillesi
essive sumanasi suminasi
translative sumaksesi sumiksesi
abessive sumattasi sumittasi
instructive — —
comitative — suminesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative sumamme sumamme
accusative nom. sumamme sumamme
gen. sumamme
genitive sumamme sumiemme
sumaimmerare
partitive sumaamme sumiamme
inessive sumassamme sumissamme
elative sumastamme sumistamme
illative sumaamme sumiimme
adessive sumallamme sumillamme
ablative sumaltamme sumiltamme
allative sumallemme sumillemme
essive sumanamme suminamme
translative sumaksemme sumiksemme
abessive sumattamme sumittamme
instructive — —
comitative — suminemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative sumanne sumanne
accusative nom. sumanne sumanne
gen. sumanne
genitive sumanne sumienne
sumainnerare
partitive sumaanne sumianne
inessive sumassanne sumissanne
elative sumastanne sumistanne
illative sumaanne sumiinne
adessive sumallanne sumillanne
ablative sumaltanne sumiltanne
allative sumallenne sumillenne
essive sumananne suminanne
translative sumaksenne sumiksenne
abessive sumattanne sumittanne
instructive — —
comitative — suminenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative sumansa sumansa
accusative nom. sumansa sumansa
gen. sumansa
genitive sumansa sumiensa
sumainsarare
partitive sumaansa sumiaan
sumiansa
inessive sumassaan
sumassansa 		sumissaan
sumissansa
elative sumastaan
sumastansa 		sumistaan
sumistansa
illative sumaansa sumiinsa
adessive sumallaan
sumallansa 		sumillaan
sumillansa
ablative sumaltaan
sumaltansa 		sumiltaan
sumiltansa
allative sumalleen
sumallensa 		sumilleen
sumillensa
essive sumanaan
sumanansa 		suminaan
suminansa
translative sumakseen
sumaksensa 		sumikseen
sumiksensa
abessive sumattaan
sumattansa 		sumittaan
sumittansa
instructive — —
comitative — sumineen
suminensa

Derived terms edit

compounds

Further reading edit

Anagrams edit

Galician edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈs̺u.mɐ]
  • Rhymes: -uma
  • Hyphenation: su‧ma

Etymology 1 edit

Noun edit

suma f (plural sumas)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb edit

suma

  1. inflection of sumir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Gothic edit

Romanization edit

suma

  1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰

Guinea-Bissau Creole edit

Etymology edit

Perhaps from Portuguese assim + como ("thus how").

Adverb edit

suma

  1. because

Ingrian edit

 
Suma.

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

suma

  1. bag
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:
      Siso ompeli suman.
      Sis sewed the bag.
    • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[5], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 75:
      Ohotnikka otti jänistä käpälist ja pani summaa.
      The hunter took the legs of the rabbit and put it in the bag.
    • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:
      Valja otti suman, pani bukvarin summaa ja laati paljton päälle.
      Valja took [her] bag, put a primer into the bag and put an overcoat on.

Declension edit

Declension of suma (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative suma sumat
genitive suman summiin
partitive summaa summia
illative summaa summii
inessive sumas sumis
elative sumast sumist
allative sumalle sumille
adessive sumal sumil
ablative sumalt sumilt
translative sumaks sumiks
essive sumanna, summaan suminna, summiin
exessive1) sumant sumint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550

Italian edit

Verb edit

suma

  1. inflection of sumere:
    1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Anagrams edit

Lithuanian edit

 
Lithuanian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lt

Etymology edit

Ultimately from Latin summa. The religious sense is borrowed from Polish suma.[1]

Noun edit

sumà f (plural sùmos) stress pattern 4

  1. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
  2. sum (quantity of money)
  3. (Catholicism) noon mass on a holy day; High Mass

Declension edit

Declension of sumà
singular (vienaskaita) plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas) sumà sùmos
genitive (kilmininkas) sumõs sumų̃
dative (naudininkas) sùmai sumóms
accusative (galininkas) sùmą sumàs
instrumental (įnagininkas) sumà sumomìs
locative (vietininkas) sumojè sumosè
vocative (šauksmininkas) sùma sùmos

References edit

  1. ^ Rolandas Kregždys (2016) “sumà”, in Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodynas [Dictionary of Polish loanwords in Lithuanian]‎[1], page 156

Further reading edit

  • “suma”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
  • “suma”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2024

Masurian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ˈsuma]
  • Syllabification: suma

Noun edit

suma f

  1. sum (quantity of money)
    • 1954-1986, Kartoteka Słownika Gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎[6], volume 1508, number Strzał - Szczęście:
      Moj przijaćel jest mńe duzo sume ṕeńenʒi zińen.
      [Mój prżijacziel jest mnie duzá sume psieniendzÿ zinien.]
      My friend owes me a large sum of money.

Norn edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse svimma, svima, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.

Verb edit

suma

  1. to swim, float

Old Norse edit

Pronoun edit

suma

  1. inflection of sumr:
    1. feminine accusative singular
    2. masculine accusative plural

Old Polish edit

Etymology edit

Learned borrowing from Latin summa.[1][2][3] First attested in the 15th century.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /suma/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /suma/

Noun edit

suma f

  1. sum (quantity of money)
    • 1895 [1448–1450], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, page 27:
      Czy vbodzy slyachczycy... o pewney svmmye pyenyądzi (de certa summa pecuniae) szą gednayą z nymy
      [Ci ubodzy ślachcicy... o pewnej summie pieniędzy (de certa summa pecuniae) się jednają z nimi]
    • 1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 493:
      Jakom ya nye ranczyl Jsakowi gyenyey kopy geno s they szumy, czo w xøgach m[y]a
      [Jakom ja nie ręczył Izakowi jeniej kopy jeno z tej sumy, co w księgach m[y]a]

Derived terms edit

nouns
verbs

Descendants edit

  • Masurian: suma
  • Polish: suma
  • Silesian: suma

References edit

  1. ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “suma”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
  2. ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “suma”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎[2] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
  3. ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN

Polish edit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

Noun edit

suma f (related adjective sumowy)

  1. sum (quantity of money)
    Synonym: kwota
  2. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
  3. sum (quantity obtained by aggregation)
    Synonyms: całokształt, całość, ogół
  4. (Roman Catholicism) mass, service (main mass help in church on Sundays and holidays)
    Hypernym: msza
  5. (Middle Polish) sum, summary (short summation of text)
    Synonym: podsumowanie
Declension edit
Declension of suma
singular plural
nominative suma sumy
genitive sumy sum
dative sumie sumom
accusative sumę sumy
instrumental sumą sumami
locative sumie sumach
vocative sumo sumy
Derived terms edit
nouns
particles

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun edit

suma m animal

  1. genitive/accusative singular of sum

Trivia edit

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), suma is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 24 times in news, 22 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 79 times, making it the 819th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References edit

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “suma”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[3] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 570

Further reading edit

  • suma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • suma in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “suma”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “SUMA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23.03.2023
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[7]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[8]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[9] (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 510

Portuguese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Adjective edit

suma

  1. feminine singular of sumo

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

suma

  1. inflection of sumir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French sommer.

Verb edit

a suma (third-person singular present sumează, past participle sumat) 1st conj.

  1. to sum up

Conjugation edit

    conjugation of suma (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
infinitive a suma
gerund sumând
past participle sumat
number singular plural
person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present sumez sumezi sumează sumăm sumați sumează
imperfect sumam sumai suma sumam sumați sumau
simple perfect sumai sumași sumă sumarăm sumarăți sumară
pluperfect sumasem sumaseși sumase sumaserăm sumaserăți sumaseră
subjunctive eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present să sumez să sumezi să sumeze să sumăm să sumați să sumeze
imperative — tu — — voi —
affirmative sumează sumați
negative nu suma nu sumați

Serbo-Croatian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /sûma/
  • Hyphenation: su‧ma

Noun edit

sȕma f (Cyrillic spelling су̏ма)

  1. sum, total

Declension edit

Declension of suma
singular plural
nominative suma sume
genitive sume suma
dative sumi sumama
accusative sumu sume
vocative sumo sume
locative sumi sumama
instrumental sumom sumama

Silesian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈsuma/
  • Rhymes: -uma
  • Syllabification: su‧ma

Noun edit

suma f

  1. sum (amount of money)

Further reading edit

Spanish edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈsu.ma]
  • Audio (Colombia):(file)
  • Rhymes: -uma
  • Syllabification: su‧ma

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Latin summa.[1] Doublet of the inherited soma (“coarse flour”).

Noun edit

suma f (plural sumas)

  1. sum
  2. addition
    Antonym: resta
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective edit

suma

  1. feminine singular of sumo

Verb edit

suma

  1. inflection of sumar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative
  2. inflection of sumir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

References edit

  1. ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Further reading edit

Sranan Tongo edit

Noun edit

suma

  1. who (interrogative)

Venda edit

Verb edit

suma

  1. to report

Votic edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

Pronunciation edit

  • (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈsumɑ]
  • Rhymes: -umɑ
  • Hyphenation: su‧ma

Noun edit

suma

  1. pouch, bag

Inflection edit

Declension of suma (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative suma sumad
genitive suma sumojõ, sumoi
partitive summa sumoitõ, sumoi
illative summasõ, summa sumoisõ
inessive sumaz sumoiz
elative sumassõ sumoissõ
allative sumalõ sumoilõ
adessive sumallõ sumoillõ
ablative sumaltõ sumoiltõ
translative sumassi sumoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References edit

  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “suma”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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