verpa
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse verpa, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
verpa (third person singular past indicative varp, third person plural past indicative vurpu, supine vorpið)
- to lay (eggs)
- (transitive, intransitive, with accusative) to lay (an egg)
- Hønan varp eitt egg. ― The chicken laid an egg.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of verpa (group v-49) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | verpa | |
supine | vorpið | |
participle (a34)1 | verpandi | vorpin |
present | past | |
first singular | verpi | varp |
second singular | verpur | varpst |
third singular | verpur | varp |
plural | verpa | vurpu |
imperative | ||
singular | verp! | |
plural | verpið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse verpa, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną.
Verb edit
verpa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative varp, third-person plural past indicative urpu, supine orpið) or
verpa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative verpti, supine verpt)
- (transitive, with dative) to throw
- (transitive, intransitive, with dative) to lay (an egg)
- Hænan verpti eggi.
- The chicken laid an egg.
Usage notes edit
The strong conjugation is the original one, but the weak one is becoming more usual. They are also commonly mixed together.
Conjugation edit
Strong conjugation:
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að verpa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
orpið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
verpandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég verp | við verpum | present (nútíð) |
ég verpi | við verpum |
þú verpur | þið verpið | þú verpir | þið verpið | ||
hann, hún, það verpur | þeir, þær, þau verpa | hann, hún, það verpi | þeir, þær, þau verpi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég varp | við urpum | past (þátíð) |
ég yrpi | við yrpum |
þú varpst | þið urpuð | þú yrpir | þið yrpuð | ||
hann, hún, það varp | þeir, þær, þau urpu | hann, hún, það yrpi | þeir, þær, þau yrpu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
verp (þú) | verpið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
verptu | verpiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
orpinn | orpin | orpið | orpnir | orpnar | orpin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
orpinn | orpna | orpið | orpna | orpnar | orpin | |
dative (þágufall) |
orpnum | orpinni | orpnu | orpnum | orpnum | orpnum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
orpins | orpinnar | orpins | orpinna | orpinna | orpinna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
orpni | orpna | orpna | orpnu | orpnu | orpnu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
orpna | orpnu | orpna | orpnu | orpnu | orpnu | |
dative (þágufall) |
orpna | orpnu | orpna | orpnu | orpnu | orpnu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
orpna | orpnu | orpna | orpnu | orpnu | orpnu |
Weak conjugation:
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að verpa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
verpt | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
verpandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég verpi | við verpum | present (nútíð) |
ég verpi | við verpum |
þú verpir | þið verpið | þú verpir | þið verpið | ||
hann, hún, það verpir | þeir, þær, þau verpa | hann, hún, það verpi | þeir, þær, þau verpi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég verpti | við verptum | past (þátíð) |
ég verpti | við verptum |
þú verptir | þið verptuð | þú verptir | þið verptuð | ||
hann, hún, það verpti | þeir, þær, þau verptu | hann, hún, það verpti | þeir, þær, þau verptu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
verp (þú) | verpið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
verptu | verpiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
verptur | verpt | verpt | verptir | verptar | verpt | |
accusative (þolfall) |
verptan | verpta | verpt | verpta | verptar | verpt | |
dative (þágufall) |
verptum | verptri | verptu | verptum | verptum | verptum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
verpts | verptrar | verpts | verptra | verptra | verptra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
verpti | verpta | verpta | verptu | verptu | verptu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
verpta | verptu | verpta | verptu | verptu | verptu | |
dative (þágufall) |
verpta | verptu | verpta | verptu | verptu | verptu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
verpta | verptu | verpta | verptu | verptu | verptu |
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- verpa öndinni léttar (to heave a sigh of relief)
Etymology 2 edit
Causative of verpa (1). From Proto-Germanic *warpijaną.
Verb edit
verpa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative verpti, supine verpt)
- (transitive, with accusative) to twist, wind, contort
Conjugation edit
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að verpa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
verpt | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
verpandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég verpi | við verpum | present (nútíð) |
ég verpi | við verpum |
þú verpir | þið verpið | þú verpir | þið verpið | ||
hann, hún, það verpir | þeir, þær, þau verpa | hann, hún, það verpi | þeir, þær, þau verpi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég verpti | við verptum | past (þátíð) |
ég verpti | við verptum |
þú verptir | þið verptuð | þú verptir | þið verptuð | ||
hann, hún, það verpti | þeir, þær, þau verptu | hann, hún, það verpti | þeir, þær, þau verptu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
verp (þú) | verpið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
verptu | verpiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að verpast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
verpst | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
verpandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég verpist | við verpumst | present (nútíð) |
ég verpist | við verpumst |
þú verpist | þið verpist | þú verpist | þið verpist | ||
hann, hún, það verpist | þeir, þær, þau verpast | hann, hún, það verpist | þeir, þær, þau verpist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég verptist | við verptumst | past (þátíð) |
ég verptist | við verptumst |
þú verptist | þið verptust | þú verptist | þið verptust | ||
hann, hún, það verptist | þeir, þær, þau verptust | hann, hún, það verptist | þeir, þær, þau verptust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
verpst (þú) | verpist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
verpstu | verpisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
verptur | verpt | verpt | verptir | verptar | verpt | |
accusative (þolfall) |
verptan | verpta | verpt | verpta | verptar | verpt | |
dative (þágufall) |
verptum | verptri | verptu | verptum | verptum | verptum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
verpts | verptrar | verpts | verptra | verptra | verptra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
verpti | verpta | verpta | verptu | verptu | verptu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
verpta | verptu | verpta | verptu | verptu | verptu | |
dative (þágufall) |
verpta | verptu | verpta | verptu | verptu | verptu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
verpta | verptu | verpta | verptu | verptu | verptu |
Latin edit
Etymology edit
Possibly borrowed from a Germanic language, related to Proto-Germanic *werpaną (“to throw”). More likely from Proto-Italic source for “to turn round, to roll” (as in 'unfurl, peel back, or retract foreskin') via Proto-Indo-European *welw-, *wel- (“to turn, wind, round”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu̯er.pa/, [ˈu̯ɛrpä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈver.pa/, [ˈvɛrpä]
Noun edit
verpa f (genitive verpae); first declension
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | verpa | verpae |
Genitive | verpae | verpārum |
Dative | verpae | verpīs |
Accusative | verpam | verpās |
Ablative | verpā | verpīs |
Vocative | verpa | verpae |
Synonyms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Translingual: Verpa
References edit
- “verpa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “verpa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- verpa in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Old Norse edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *werpaną (“to throw, cast”). Cognate with Old English weorpan, Old Frisian werpa, Old Saxon werpan, Old High German werfan, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽 (wairpan).
Verb edit
verpa (singular past indicative varp, plural past indicative urpu, past participle orpinn)
- to throw, cast
- to heap up sand, mud, gravel etc. on something
- sandi orpin sæng
- a bed covered by sand [a grave]
- to erect a burial mound
- ca. 1190, Nóregs konungatal ("the King-count of Norway")
- Þá vas haugr / ept Harald orpinn
reisuligr / á Rogalandi.- Then a mound was / erected for Harald,
a magnificent one / in Rogaland.
- Then a mound was / erected for Harald,
- nú verpa þeir hauginn eftir fornum sið
- now they erect the mound according to ancient custom
- ca. 1190, Nóregs konungatal ("the King-count of Norway")
- to lay eggs
- to guess, calculate
Conjugation edit
infinitive | verpa | |
---|---|---|
present participle | verpandi | |
past participle | orpinn | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | verp | varp |
2nd-person singular | verpr | varpt |
3rd-person singular | verpr | varp |
1st-person plural | verpum | urpum |
2nd-person plural | verpið | urpuð |
3rd-person plural | verpa | urpu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | verpa | yrpa |
2nd-person singular | verpir | yrpir |
3rd-person singular | verpi | yrpi |
1st-person plural | verpim | yrpim |
2nd-person plural | verpið | yrpið |
3rd-person plural | verpi | yrpi |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | verp | |
1st-person plural | verpum | |
2nd-person plural | verpið |
infinitive | verpask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | verpandisk | |
past participle | orpizk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | verpumk | urpumk |
2nd-person singular | verpsk | varpzk |
3rd-person singular | verpsk | varpsk |
1st-person plural | verpumsk | urpumsk |
2nd-person plural | verpizk | urpuzk |
3rd-person plural | verpask | urpusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | verpumk | yrpumk |
2nd-person singular | verpisk | yrpisk |
3rd-person singular | verpisk | yrpisk |
1st-person plural | verpimsk | yrpimsk |
2nd-person plural | verpizk | yrpizk |
3rd-person plural | verpisk | yrpisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | verpsk | |
1st-person plural | verpumsk | |
2nd-person plural | verpizk |