íccaid

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• ícaid

Etymology

From ícc +‎ -aid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈiːkɨðʲ]

Verb

íccaid

1. to heal, to cure
2. to save
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5^c3

     ɔ·ríctar huili genti ꝉ drécht caich ceníuil

     till all the Gentiles are saved, or a portion of every nation

3. to pay, to compensate for, to atone for
4. to solve
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55^d11

     Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fo·daimi? Air it fírían-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n‑as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n‑erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírían inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.

     As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.

Inflection

Simple, class A I present, s preterite, f future, a subjunctive

		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present indicative	abs.			ícaid				ícthair
	conj.			·íca
	rel.								híccatar
imperfect indicative
preterite	abs.
	conj.							noda·icad (with infixed pronoun da-)
	rel.
perfect	deut.							ro·ícad
	prot.
future	abs.	ícfa						íccfidir
	conj.
	rel.
conditional
present subjunctive	abs.
	conj.								·ríctar, ·ríccatar (ro-forms)
	rel.
past subjunctive
imperative
verbal noun
past participle
verbal of necessity

Descendants

• Irish: íoc
• Scottish Gaelic: ìoc

Mutation

Mutation of íccaid

radical	lenition	nasalization
íccaid (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-íccaid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “íccaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language