da-
TranslingualEdit
PrefixEdit
da-
GermanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
PrefixEdit
da-
- prefix form of da, meaning there-
Derived termsEdit
KamberaEdit
PronounEdit
da-
- third person plural nominative proclitic
See alsoEdit
Murui HuitotoEdit
1 | 2 → | |
---|---|---|
Cardinal: da-, dáde Adverbial: dakaño |
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Witotoan *ta, from Proto-Huitoto-Ocaina *ta(he).
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
da-
AdverbEdit
da-
ReferencesEdit
- Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.[1], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis)
Edit
PrefixEdit
da-
- (disjunct prefix of position I)
Thematic prefix, referring to death.
► Navajo verbs with disjunct prefix da-. - (disjunct prefix of position III)
Distributive plural marker, indicating that three or more subjects, objects or events are involved individually in the action denoted by the verb. In addition to verbs, it may also pluralize nouns, pronouns or postpositions. This prefix marks the boundary between disjunct (outer) and conjunct (inner) prefixes.
OjibweEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- gada- (Algonquin)
EtymologyEdit
In Algonquin, this preverb has the form gada- when there is no prefix (gada-maajaa "he/she will leave", giga-maajaa "you will leave"). It is likely that gada- is the original form of this preverb, and the allomorphy between da- and ga- in other dialects is the result of a historical process of syncopation that deleted a metrically weak syllable. With no prefix, the syllable ga was weak and consequently was deleted (*gadá-maajaa > da-maajaa), but when a prefix was added, ga was in a strong position, and so da was deleted instead (*ningáda-maajaa > ninga-maajaa). The form ji- similarly appears as giji- in Algonquin. The initial change form ge- would be from *geda-, where the first syllable would have been strong because it contained a long vowel.
PreverbEdit
da- (plain conjunct ji- or da-, changed conjunct ge-)
- future tense marker
- wiisiniwag — they eat
- da-wiisiniwag — they will eat
- ninga-wiisin — I will eat
- (some speakers) form of daa- used in the conjunct order
Usage notesEdit
- With a personal prefix, the form ga- is used.
- For some speakers, the second-person form giga- contracts to ga-.
- For some speakers, ga- and ge- become gad- and ged- before a vowel.
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/da-pv-tns
- Jerry Randolph Valentine (August 1994) Ojibwe Dialect Relationships[2], Austin, TX: The University of Texas at Austin, OCLC 41108952, pages 162-163
Old IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
da- (class B & C infixed pronoun)
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
See Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns for details on how these forms are used.
Note that the so-called “infixed” pronouns are technically prefixes, but they are never the first prefix in a verbal complex.
Person | Infixed | Suffixed | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Class A | Class B | Class C | ||
1 sing. | m-L | dom-L, dam-L | -um | |
2 sing. | t-L | dot-L, dat-L, dut-L, dit-L | -ut | |
3 sing. m. | a-N, e-N | d-N | id-N, did-N, d-N | -i, -it |
3 sing. f. | s-(N) | da- | -us | |
3 sing. n. | a-L, e-L | d-L | id-L, did-L, d-L | -i, -it |
1 pl. | n- | don-, dun-, dan- | -unn | |
2 pl. | b- | dob-, dub-, dab- | -uib | |
3 pl. | s-(N) | da- | -us | |
L means this form triggers lenition. N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis) (N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others. |
West MakianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
da-
- (inanimate) third-person singular possessive prefix, its
- da pala do bungbangi ― the house's floor
- indicates definiteness
- do gupa ma feberesi ― all of those coconuts
- Da mai magol. ― The stone is large.
- joins stative verbs attributively
- mai da magol ― a large stone
- win da safo ― a hot day
- afi da rata ― level ground
Usage notesEdit
The possessive prefix da- is subject to West Makian vowel harmony, and as such may surface as de-, di-, or do-.
Alternative formsEdit
See alsoEdit
independent | possessive prefix | |
---|---|---|
1st person singular | de | ti |
2nd person singular | ni | ni |
3rd person singular | me | mVan., dVinan. |
1st person plural inclusive | ene | nV |
1st person plural exclusive | imi | mi |
2nd person plural | ini | fi |
3rd person plural | eme | di |
- V indicates the expected assimilated vowel of the following noun, following standard West Makian vowel harmony.
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
da-
- third-person plural clitic, they
- doco ― they see
- (polite) third-person singular clitic, he, she
- da lagei deiteng ― the old man said
Usage notesEdit
The prefix da- follows West Makian vowel harmony, and as such may surface as de-, di-, or do-.
Alternative formsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[3], Pacific linguistics