īstenība

See also: īstenībā

Latvian

A 19th-century neologism, derived from īstens (“real”) +‎ -ība and first mentioned in Krišjānis Valdemārs' 1872 German-Russian-Latvian dictionary.^[1]

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īstenība f (4th declension)

reality (the existing world; that which actually exists)
objektīvā īstenība ― objective reality

dzīves īstenība ― life, living reality

literatūras kā īstenības atspoguļotāja ― literature as a reflection of reality

atgriezties īstenībā ― to come back to reality (i.e., to stop dreaming)

īstenības izteiksme ― indicative (lit. reality) mood (in verb conjugations)
(in the locative, used adverbially) in reality, in fact, actually, really
Dāvis īstenībā jau bija liels puisis ― Dāvis was in fact already a big guy

varbūt pat neatzinis, kas īstenībā padarīts ― maybe he himself didn't recognize what had really been done

Declension of īstenība (4th declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	īstenība	—
accusative (akuzatīvs)	īstenību	—
genitive (ģenitīvs)	īstenības	—
dative (datīvs)	īstenībai	—
instrumental (instrumentālis)	īstenību	—
locative (lokatīvs)	īstenībā	—
vocative (vokatīvs)	īstenība	—

^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “īsts”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN