Ζέφυρος

See also: ζέφυρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ζέφυρος (zéphuros)

Etymology

Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀽𐁆𐀫 (ze-phu-ro), pointing to Proto-Hellenic *Dzépʰuros. Probably related to ζόφος (zóphos, “darkness, west”), both occasionally connected to Proto-Indo-European *(h₃)yebʰ- (“to cover > to copulate”) (whence οἴφω (oíphō)), though either the reflex of the laryngeal in οἴφω (oíphō) or its loss from ζεφ- (zeph-) would be unexplained. More likely Pre-Greek in view of the suffix -υρ- (-ur-) and distant semantics, though Beekes is unsure.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /zdé.pʰy.ros/ → /ˈze.ɸy.ros/ → /ˈze.fi.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /zdé.pʰy.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈze.pʰy.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈze.ɸy.ros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈze.fy.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈze.fi.ros/

Proper noun

Ζέφῠρος • (Zéphuros) m (genitive Ζεφῠ́ρου); second declension

1. Zephyrus, the west wind

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ Ζέφῠρος; τοῦ Ζεφῠ́ρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Ζέφῠρος ho Zéphuros
Genitive	τοῦ Ζεφῠ́ρου toû Zephúrou
Dative	τῷ Ζεφῠ́ρῳ tôi Zephúrōi
Accusative	τὸν Ζέφῠρον tòn Zéphuron
Vocative	Ζέφῠρε Zéphure
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of Ζέφῠρος; Ζεφῠ́ρου (Epic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	Ζέφῠρος Zéphuros
Genitive	Ζεφῠ́ρου / Ζεφῠροῖο / Ζεφῠ́ροιο / Ζεφῠρόο / Ζεφῠ́ροο Zephúrou / Zephuroîo / Zephúroio / Zephuróo / Zephúroo
Dative	Ζεφῠ́ρῳ Zephúrōi
Accusative	Ζέφῠρον Zéphuron
Vocative	Ζέφῠρε Zéphure
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• φῐλοζέφῠρος (philozéphuros)

Descendants

• → Greek: Ζέφυρος (Zéfyros), ζέφυρος (zéfyros) (learned)
• → Alemannic German: Zephyros
• → Azerbaijani: Zefir
• → Basque: Zefiro
• → Belarusian: Зефі́р (Zjefír), Зэфі́р (Zefír)
• → Breton: Zefyros
• → Bulgarian: Зефир (Zefir)
• → Chinese: 仄費羅斯／仄费罗斯
• → Czech: Zefyros
• → Danish: Zefyr
• → Dutch: Zephyros
• → English: Zephyr
• → Finnish: Zefyros
• → Georgian: ზეფიროსი (zepirosi)
• → German: Zephyr
• → Hebrew: זפירוס, זפיר
• → Hungarian: Zephürosz
• → Japanese: ゼピュロス (Zepyurosu)
• → Latin: zephyrus m (“the west wind”), Zephyrus (“Zephyrus”)
  • Catalan: Zèfir
  • French: zéphyr, Zéphyr
    • → Polish: zefir
    • → Romanian: zefir
    • → Russian: зефѵ́ръ (zefír), зефи́р (zefír, “marshmallow”)
      • → Belarusian: зефі́р (zjefír, “marshmallow”)
      • → Ukrainian: зефі́р (zefír, “marshmallow”)
    • → Turkish: zefir
  • Galician: Céfiro
  • Italian: zefiro, Zefiro
  • Portuguese: zéfiro, Zéfiro
  • Sicilian: zèfiru, Zèfiru
  • Spanish: céfiro, Céfiro
  • → English: Zephyrus
• → Lithuanian: Zefyras
• → Norwegian Nynorsk: Sefyros
• → Old Armenian: զեփիւռ (zepʻiwṙ)
  • Armenian: զեփյուռ (zepʻyuṙ)
• → Persian: زفوروس
• → Polish: Zefir
• → Russian: Зефи́р (Zefír)
  • → Chuvash: Зефир (Zefir)
• → Serbo-Croatian: Зефир / Zefir
• → Slovene: Zefir
• → Swedish: Zefyros
• → Ukrainian: Зефі́р (Zefír)

References

• “Ζέφυρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Ζέφυρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Ζέφυρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Ζέφυρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “Ζέφυρος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,029