ζόφος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *dzópʰos. Beekes claims it's Pre-Greek. But compare Ζέφυρος (Zéphuros), connected by some to Proto-Indo-European *h₃yebʰ-.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /zdó.pʰos/ → /ˈzo.ɸos/ → /ˈzo.fos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /zdó.pʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈzo.pʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈzo.ɸos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈzo.fos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈzo.fos/

Noun

ζόφος • (zóphos) m (genitive ζόφου); second declension

1. darkness, gloom
2. the dark quarter; the west

Declension

Second declension of ὁ ζόφος; τοῦ ζόφου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ζόφος ho zóphos	τὼ ζόφω tṑ zóphō	οἱ ζόφοι hoi zóphoi
Genitive	τοῦ ζόφου toû zóphou	τοῖν ζόφοιν toîn zóphoin	τῶν ζόφων tôn zóphōn
Dative	τῷ ζόφῳ tôi zóphōi	τοῖν ζόφοιν toîn zóphoin	τοῖς ζόφοις toîs zóphois
Accusative	τὸν ζόφον tòn zóphon	τὼ ζόφω tṑ zóphō	τοὺς ζόφους toùs zóphous
Vocative	ζόφε zóphe	ζόφω zóphō	ζόφοι zóphoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “ζόφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press