κνώδαλον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Frisk assumed that this word and κνώδων (knṓdōn, “projecting teeth on the blade of a hunting spear”), κνώδαξ (knṓdax, “pin, pivot”) go back to a verbal noun *κνωδ- (*knōd-, “tooth, biter, gnawer”), belonging to κναίω (knaíō, “to scrape, scratch”). The glosses κάναδοι (kánadoi, “jaws”), κναδάλλεται (knadálletai, “gnaws”) belong here too. The words do not belong to Latvian kost (“to bite”). According to Beekes, they are undoubtedly Pre-Greek, since κναδ- cannot continue an Indo-European pre-form.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /knɔ̌ː.da.lon/ → /ˈkno.ða.lon/ → /ˈkno.ða.lon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /knɔ̌ː.da.lon/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkno.da.lon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkno.ða.lon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkno.ða.lon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkno.ða.lon/

Noun

κνώδᾰλον • (knṓdalon) n (genitive κνωδᾰ́λου); second declension

1. wild creature, beast
2. (of persons) brute, beast

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ κνώδᾰλον; τοῦ κνωδᾰ́λου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κνώδᾰλον tò knṓdalon	τὼ κνωδᾰ́λω tṑ knōdálō	τᾰ̀ κνώδᾰλᾰ tà knṓdala
Genitive	τοῦ κνωδᾰ́λου toû knōdálou	τοῖν κνωδᾰ́λοιν toîn knōdáloin	τῶν κνωδᾰ́λων tôn knōdálōn
Dative	τῷ κνωδᾰ́λῳ tôi knōdálōi	τοῖν κνωδᾰ́λοιν toîn knōdáloin	τοῖς κνωδᾰ́λοις toîs knōdálois
Accusative	τὸ κνώδᾰλον tò knṓdalon	τὼ κνωδᾰ́λω tṑ knōdálō	τᾰ̀ κνώδᾰλᾰ tà knṓdala
Vocative	κνώδᾰλον knṓdalon	κνωδᾰ́λω knōdálō	κνώδᾰλᾰ knṓdala
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κνωδάλιον (knōdálion)
• κνωδαλώδης (knōdalṓdēs)

 

Further reading

• “κνώδαλον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κνώδαλον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κνώδαλον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κνώδαλον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κνώδαλον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN