κύαρ
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editAn old r/n-stem from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”), which is found thematicized in Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀 (sūra, “hole, lacuna”), as well as in Old Armenian սոր (sor, “hole”); a thematic n-stem occurs in Sanskrit शून (śūna, “tumid, tumescent”), सून (sūna, “emptiness, lack”), शुन्य (śunya, “empty, void”). An l-stem is supposed in κύλα (kúla, “holes under the eyelids”), but see κοῖλος (koîlos, “hollow”) too. These words are generally connected with the group of κῠ́ω (kúō, “to be pregnant with”), assuming a basic meaning "curvation", whence both "hole" and "vaulting".
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ký.ar/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈky.ar/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈcy.ar/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈcy.ar/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈci.ar/
Noun
editκῠ́αρ • (kúar) n (genitive κῠ́ατος); third declension
Inflection
editCase / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ κῠ́αρ tò kúar |
τὼ κῠ́ατε tṑ kúate |
τᾰ̀ κῠ́ατᾰ tà kúata | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κῠ́ατος toû kúatos |
τοῖν κῠάτοιν toîn kuátoin |
τῶν κῠάτων tôn kuátōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κῠ́ατῐ tôi kúati |
τοῖν κῠάτοιν toîn kuátoin |
τοῖς κῠ́ασῐ / κῠ́ασῐν toîs kúasi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ κῠ́αρ tò kúar |
τὼ κῠ́ατε tṑ kúate |
τᾰ̀ κῠ́ατᾰ tà kúata | ||||||||||
Vocative | κῠ́αρ kúar |
κῠ́ατε kúate |
κῠ́ατᾰ kúata | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Further reading
edit- “κύαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- κύαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension
- grc:Anatomy