κῆλον

Ancient Greek edit

Etymology edit

It has been compared with Sanskrit शर्या (śaryā, “cane, arrow, missile”), शल्य (śalya, “spear, javelin”) and further Middle Irish cail (“spear”), Old Norse hali (“tail”). However, all these words go back to a root with a short vowel, as opposed to this word, with a long one. Connection with κᾶλον (kâlon, “wood, timber”) is rejected by Frisk and DELG.

Pronunciation edit

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kɛ̂ː.lon/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈke̝.lon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈci.lon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈci.lon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.lon/

Noun edit

κῆλον • (kêlon) n (genitive κήλου); second declension

(in the plural) shafts of an arrow, arrows, projectiles

Inflection edit

Second declension of τὸ κῆλον; τοῦ κήλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κῆλον tò kêlon	τὼ κήλω tṑ kḗlō	τᾰ̀ κῆλᾰ tà kêla
Genitive	τοῦ κήλου toû kḗlou	τοῖν κήλοιν toîn kḗloin	τῶν κήλων tôn kḗlōn
Dative	τῷ κήλῳ tôi kḗlōi	τοῖν κήλοιν toîn kḗloin	τοῖς κήλοις toîs kḗlois
Accusative	τὸ κῆλον tò kêlon	τὼ κήλω tṑ kḗlō	τᾰ̀ κῆλᾰ tà kêla
Vocative	κῆλον kêlon	κήλω kḗlō	κῆλᾰ kêla
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.