σαλαμάνδρα
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editUnknown. Suggestions put forward are:
- From Pre-Greek, possibly akin σαύρα (saúra, “lizard”), itself of unclear origin.[1]
- Akin to Basque sugalindila, sugelinda, sugalinda, sugalindara, sugelindara, sugelandara, subemandil, sumandil, sugemandila (“lizard”),[2] assuming both ultimately coming from a common source.
Sound symbolism most likely had a role into the ultimate shape of the term, as it did in many languages in their terms for “lizard”. Compare also Byzantine Greek σαλαμίνθη (salamínthē, “spider”), with which it may share the possibly imitative root σαλαμ- (salam-).
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sa.la.mán.dra/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /sa.laˈman.dra/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /sa.laˈman.dra/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /sa.laˈman.dra/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /sa.laˈman.dra/
Noun
editσᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰ • (salamándra) f (genitive σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱς); first declension
Inflection
editCase / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰ hē salamándra |
τὼ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱ tṑ salamándrā |
αἱ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραι hai salamándrai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱς tês salamándrās |
τοῖν σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραιν toîn salamándrain |
τῶν σᾰλᾰμᾰνδρῶν tôn salamandrôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾳ têi salamándrāi |
τοῖν σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραιν toîn salamándrain |
ταῖς σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραις taîs salamándrais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰν tḕn salamándran |
τὼ σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱ tṑ salamándrā |
τᾱ̀ς σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱς tā̀s salamándrās | ||||||||||
Vocative | σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾰ salamándra |
σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρᾱ salamándrā |
σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδραι salamándrai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
edit- σᾰλᾰμᾰ́νδρειος (salamándreios)
Related terms
edit- ? σαλαμίνθη (salamínthē)
Descendants
edit- → Latin: salamandra
- → English: salamander
- → Italian: salamandra
- → Translingual: Salamandra
- → Old Armenian: սաղամանդր (sałamandr)
- → Persian: سمندر (samandar)
References
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1303
- ^ Leschber, Corinna, Bengtson, John D. (2021) “Notes on some Pre-Greek words in relation to Euskaro-Caucasian (North Caucasian + Basque)”, in Journal of Language Relationship[1], volume 19, numbers 1–2, , page 82
Further reading
edit- “σαλαμάνδρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σαλαμάνδρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek first-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension
- grc:Amphibians