στέναγμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From στενάζω (stenázō, “to sigh, groan”) +‎ -μᾰ (-ma, result noun suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sté.naŋ.ma/ → /ˈste.naɣ.ma/ → /ˈste.naɣ.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sté.naŋ.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈste.naɡ.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈste.naɣ.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈste.naɣ.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈste.naɣ.ma/

Noun

στένᾰγμᾰ • (sténagma) n (genitive στενᾰ́γμᾰτος); third declension

1. sigh, groan
   • 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 4–5:

     Πόλις δ’ ὁμοῦ μὲν θυμιαμάτων γέμει,
     ὁμοῦ δὲ παιάνων τε καὶ στεναγμάτων.

     Pólis d’ homoû mèn thumiamátōn gémei,
     homoû dè paiánōn te kaì stenagmátōn.

     The city is full of both incense-offerings,
     as well as paeans and groans.

Declension

Third declension of τὸ στένᾰγμᾰ; τοῦ στενᾰ́γμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ στένᾰγμᾰ tò sténagma	τὼ στενᾰ́γμᾰτε tṑ stenágmate	τᾰ̀ στενᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ tà stenágmata
Genitive	τοῦ στενᾰ́γμᾰτος toû stenágmatos	τοῖν στενᾰγμᾰ́τοιν toîn stenagmátoin	τῶν στενᾰγμᾰ́των tôn stenagmátōn
Dative	τῷ στενᾰ́γμᾰτῐ tôi stenágmati	τοῖν στενᾰγμᾰ́τοιν toîn stenagmátoin	τοῖς στενᾰ́γμᾰσῐ / στενᾰ́γμᾰσῐν toîs stenágmasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ στένᾰγμᾰ tò sténagma	τὼ στενᾰ́γμᾰτε tṑ stenágmate	τᾰ̀ στενᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ tà stenágmata
Vocative	στένᾰγμᾰ sténagma	στενᾰ́γμᾰτε stenágmate	στενᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ stenágmata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “στέναγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “στέναγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• στέναγμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• στέναγμα - ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (since 2011) Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch) University of Chicago.