στύφω
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editFormally similar to στύω (stúō, “to make stiff or erect”), which may be related; if so, from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂-u-. Otherwise of unknown origin.
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sty̌ː.pʰɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈsty.pʰo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈsty.ɸo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈsty.fo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈsti.fo/
Verb
editστῡ́φω • (stū́phō)
- to contract, draw together
- (in dyeing) to treat fabrics with a mordant
- to be astringent, be costive
- (figuratively) to be harsh, austere, gloomy
Inflection
edit Present: στῡ́φω, στῡ́φομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔστῡφον | ἔστῡφες | ἔστῡφε(ν) | ἐστῡ́φετον | ἐστῡφέτην | ἐστῡ́φομεν | ἐστῡ́φετε | ἔστῡφον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐστῡφόμην | ἐστῡ́φου | ἐστῡ́φετο | ἐστῡ́φεσθον | ἐστῡφέσθην | ἐστῡφόμεθᾰ | ἐστῡ́φεσθε | ἐστῡ́φοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἐστῡ́φην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | ἐστῡ́φην | ἐστῡ́φης | ἐστῡ́φη | ἐστῡ́φητον | ἐστῡφήτην | ἐστῡ́φημεν | ἐστῡ́φητε | ἐστῡ́φησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | στῡφῶ | στῡφῇς | στῡφῇ | στῡφῆτον | στῡφῆτον | στῡφῶμεν | στῡφῆτε | στῡφῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | στῡφείην | στῡφείης | στῡφείη | στῡφεῖτον, στῡφείητον |
στῡφείτην, στῡφειήτην |
στῡφεῖμεν, στῡφείημεν |
στῡφεῖτε, στῡφείητε |
στῡφεῖεν, στῡφείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | στῡ́φηθῐ | στῡφήτω | στῡ́φητον | στῡφήτων | στῡ́φητε | στῡφέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | στῡφῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | στῡφείς | |||||||||||
f | στῡφεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | στῡφέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
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Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “στύφω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “στύφω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- στύφω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN