σύμβολον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

from σῠμβάλλω (sumbállō, “I throw together, dash together, compare, correspond, tally, come to a conclusion”), from σῠν- (sun-, “with, together”) +‎ βάλλω (bállō, “I throw, put”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sým.bo.lon/ → /ˈsym.bo.lon/ → /ˈsim.bo.lon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sým.bo.lon/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.bo.lon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.bo.lon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.bo.lon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsim.bo.lon/

Noun

σῠ́μβολον • (súmbolon) n (genitive σῠμβόλου); second declension

1. a sign or token by which one infers a thing
2. a pledge or pawn, on which money was advanced
3. (in the plural) tallies
4. (Athens) a ticket, counter
5. a permit or licence to reside, given to aliens
6. (biblical, Ecclesiastes) the distinctive mark of Christians, a confession of faith, a creed
7. (law, in the plural) covenants between two states for protection of commerce

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ σῠ́μβολον; τοῦ σῠμβόλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σῠ́μβολον tò súmbolon	τὼ σῠμβόλω tṑ sumbólō	τᾰ̀ σῠ́μβολᾰ tà súmbola
Genitive	τοῦ σῠμβόλου toû sumbólou	τοῖν σῠμβόλοιν toîn sumbóloin	τῶν σῠμβόλων tôn sumbólōn
Dative	τῷ σῠμβόλῳ tôi sumbólōi	τοῖν σῠμβόλοιν toîn sumbóloin	τοῖς σῠμβόλοις toîs sumbólois
Accusative	τὸ σῠ́μβολον tò súmbolon	τὼ σῠμβόλω tṑ sumbólō	τᾰ̀ σῠ́μβολᾰ tà súmbola
Vocative	σῠ́μβολον súmbolon	σῠμβόλω sumbólō	σῠ́μβολᾰ súmbola
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Greek: σύμβολο (sýmvolo) (learned)
• → Latin: symbolum (see there for further descendants)

References

• “σύμβολον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σύμβολον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • attribute idem, page 52.
  • badge idem, page 59.
  • check idem, page 128.
  • cheque idem, page 129.
  • clue idem, page 140.
  • counter idem, page 177.
  • countersign idem, page 178.
  • emblem idem, page 267.
  • indication idem, page 432.
  • password idem, page 597.
  • pledge idem, page 620.
  • security idem, page 747.
  • sign idem, page 774.
  • symbol idem, page 850.
  • tally idem, page 854.
  • ticket idem, page 873.
  • toilsomeness idem, page 880.
  • type idem, page 904.
  • watch-word idem, page 966.