σύν

See also: συν, συν-, and Appendix:Variations of "sun"

Contents

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ξύν (xún) – Homeric, Old Attic
• σούν (soún) – Boeotian

Etymology

Homeric and Early Attic ξύν (xún) and Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀱 (ku-su) are its supposed early form. If not, with difficulty ( -υ- < *-o- is expected, but -σ- < *-s- and -σ- < *-ξ- are not), from Proto-Indo-European *som-, from *sem-, it might be a composition of this and one other element. Alternatively, it may be a phonologic combination of *sem- with *ḱóm by combining the initial consonant sounds of these related stems.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sýn/ → /syn/ → /sin/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sýn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /syn/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /syn/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /syn/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /sin/

Preposition

σῠ́ν • (sún) (governs the dative)

1. beside, with.

Usage notes

• In compounds it has similar applications, including completeness.

Derived terms

• ξυνός (xunós)
• συν- (sun-)

Descendants

• Greek: συν (syn)
• → Dutch: syn-
• → English: syn-, sym-
• → French: syn-
• → German: syn-
• → Italian: sin-,

sim-

References

• σύν in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σύν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• σύν in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G4862 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • conjunction idem, page 160.
  • with idem, page 983.
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN